Industrial Revolution Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Industrial Revolution, including economic changes, technological advancements, and social implications.

What is the primary energy resource discussed in Britain during the Industrial Revolution?

Coal.

What geographical feature is Britain known for?

Being an island, surrounded by water.

What technology began to transform transportation during the Industrial Revolution?

Steamboat and steam engine trains.

When did the Industrial Revolution begin?

1750.

What type of production characterized the domestic system before the Industrial Revolution?

Small-scale production primarily done by families.

Who improved the steam engine and is considered a key figure in the Industrial Revolution?

James Watt.

What raw material was primarily used in clothing production during the Industrial Revolution?

Wool and later, cotton.

What were the working conditions like in early industrial factories?

Poor, with long hours and unsafe environments.

What is the main concern of Karl Marx regarding the Industrial Revolution?

The exploitation of workers by factory owners.

What significant change regarding child labor occurred due to the Industrial Revolution?

Children were eventually required to attend school instead of working in factories.

What role did government play in improving conditions during the Industrial Revolution?

Government began implementing regulations for safety and sanitation.

What is a labor union?

An organization formed by workers to negotiate better pay and working conditions.

What major health contribution is Louis Pasteur known for?

Developing sanitation practices to reduce germs.

What is welfare and who provides it?

Government assistance for those in need, funded by taxpayer money.

How did the Industrial Revolution affect social classes?

New social classes emerged, including factory workers and business owners.

How does mass production affect the cost of goods?

It typically lowers the cost.