A separate assessment in GCSE English Language focusing on communication skills; graded separately as Pass, Merit, Distinction, or Not Classified.
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Key Differences between Spoken and Written Language
Spoken language is less structured, spontaneous, and includes non-verbal elements; written language is well-structured, pre-planned, and relies on punctuation.
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Speech Accommodation Theory
A theory that explains how people adjust their speech, including convergence (making speech similar) and divergence (making speech different) to communicate.
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Grice's Maxims
A set of conversational principles: Quantity (provide the right amount of information), Quality (be truthful), Relevance (stay on topic), Manner (be clear).
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Ellipsis
A grammatical feature in spoken language where words are omitted for brevity (e.g., 'Coming?' instead of 'Are you coming?').
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Presentation Skills
The assessment area focusing on clear speaking, well-structured content, and engaging delivery during the spoken language endorsement.
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Colloquialisms
Informal expressions used in spoken language (e.g., 'gonna' for 'going to').
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Formal Speech Characteristics
Formal speech uses precise vocabulary, organized structure, and a respectful tone.
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Accent
The way in which words are pronounced, varying by region (e.g., Cockney, Scouse).
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Instrumental Power
Power derived from authority in relationships, such as that of teachers or police.
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Backchanneling
Feedback given while listening, such as 'yeah' or 'right', indicating engagement in conversation.
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Preparing for a Speech
Planning and structuring a speech with an introduction, main points, and conclusion to ensure clarity and effectiveness.
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Power in Conversations
Ways that language reflects power dynamics, including interruptions and imperatives that convey authority.
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Discourse Features
Characteristics of spoken language that facilitate conversation flow, such as turn-taking and fillers.
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Dominance Theory
A theory suggesting that men tend to dominate conversations, often through interruptions.
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