Pre-AP world history-middle ages unit test

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/68

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

69 Terms

1
New cards

What happened to the Roman Empire after it fell?

It became fragmented into smaller Germanic Kingdoms

2
New cards

Germanic tribes had no written language, and Latin was commonly spoken throughout Europe. What happened?

Latin began merging with Germanic languages to create the Romance languages

3
New cards

How did the church compensate for the Germanic tribes being more rural?

They built monestaries

4
New cards

What is a monastery?

Religious communities for monks and nuns (servants for god)

5
New cards

What were some things monasteries did?

Spent life dedicated to prayer and hard work, opened schools, and gave medical care. Also maintained greco roman literature in libraries.

6
New cards

How did the fall of the Roman Empire affect the church?

Papal power was extended to include secular affairs such as religious life, daily life, and political events.

7
New cards

What was the most common name for popes back then?

Gregory

8
New cards

What did pope Gregory I do?

Expanded power of the pope

9
New cards

What were the laws of the church known as?

Canon law

10
New cards

What categories did the canon laws cover?

Marriage and religious ceremonies, if canon laws were broken the person would appear in church court

11
New cards

What were some problems with the church and how did the pope fix them?

Priests were getting married and bishops were selling positions, so the pope enacted reforms to cover all aspects of secular life

12
New cards

What tensions were there between the pope Ana the king?

There was an imbalance of power, and the king ends up excommunicated

13
New cards

Who were the franks and who was their ruler?

They were a powerful Germanic tribe that controlled most of France. Their leader was Clovis.

14
New cards

What did clovis do?

Converted everyone to Christianity and began a partnership with the church

15
New cards

Who was Charles Martel?

Frankish military and political leader. Led the franks in the battle of tours

16
New cards

Who founded the carolingian dynasty?

Pepin the short, Charles Martel's son

17
New cards

Who was charlemagne?

Charles Martel's grandson

18
New cards

What were some of Charlemagne's accomplishments?

Expanded Frankish territory, unites most of Europe under one ruler since the fall of Rome, spread Christianity and forced conversion. Crowned Holy Roman Empire in 800 CE

19
New cards

Who was Charlemagne's successor?

Louis the pious, who split the kingdom in 3 for his 3 sons. Leads to civil war and ends with treaty of verdun. Decline in central government was a result

20
New cards

What is feudalism?

Political and military system in which local rulers swore allegiance to a monarch in return for control over lands and peasants

21
New cards

Feudalism is a system of...?

Mutual obligations. You have to give something to get something

22
New cards

What are the ranks in the feudal system, lowest to highest?

Peasants, knights, lords, king

23
New cards

What is a vassal?

Someone who gets land in return for something else

24
New cards

What is a fief?

Land that is granted to a vassal

25
New cards

Who were lords?

Nobles that received grants of land from the monarch. Also known as vassals to the king.

26
New cards

Who were knights?

Skilled warriors who defended the lords land. Became vassals to the lord.

27
New cards

Who were serfs?

They were peasants. Provided labor in exchange for home and protection, bound to their manor, lived in harsh conditions and paid high taxes.

28
New cards

What was the manor system (manorialism)?

Economic system that allowed the manor, or the lord's estate, to become self sufficient

29
New cards

What is the 3 field system?

Rotate crops among 3 fields so the soil is not depleted

30
New cards

What 3 groups most commonly invaded Western Europe?

Vikings, Magyars, moors

31
New cards

Who were the Vikings and what did they do?

Explorers who attacked quickly from the north, loved to attack monestaries and could sail upstream, so everyone living near a river or ocean was scared

32
New cards

Who were the Magyar's and what did they do?

Excellent horsemen who came east of the Danube river. Attacked isolated villages. came from hungary

33
New cards

Who were the moors (muslims) and what did they do?

Muslims who conquered Spain and controlled the med sea. Tried to invade w Europe but were defeated in battle of tours In 732 CE

34
New cards

What were the effects of the invasions?

Caused disruption and everyone lived in constant fear/danger

35
New cards

Who was William the conqueror and what did he do?

He was the French duke who lead the Norman conquest in 1066. He united most of England and defeated Harold Goodwinson at the battle of Hastings

36
New cards

What did Henry II do?

Introduced common law to England (collected taxes, introduced juries, replaced canon law)

37
New cards

What did king john do?

Signed the manga carta in 1215

38
New cards

What is the manga carta?

Document that limited power of the king-right to a jury trial, no taxation without representation etc.

39
New cards

What did Edward I do?

Created parliament in 1295- House of Commons and House of Lords

40
New cards

What did Hugh Capet do?

Established the French monarchy in Paris. His dynasty was called the Capetian dynasty

41
New cards

What did Phillip II do?

Took French lands back from king John (because William the conqueror was French)

42
New cards

Phillip IV and the pope argued, what was created from this?

The estates general

43
New cards

What did the estates general say?

1st estate-church did not have to pay taxes

2nd-nobles were supposed to play taxes, but often didn't

3rd-commoners paid most of the taxes

44
New cards

Why was the 100 years war started and what was it over?

It started because the last Capetian king died and there was no heir, so France and England fought over control of the French lands (bc William the conqueror was French) (1337-1453)

45
New cards

Who was Joan of arc and what did she do?

Woman who was convinced God has sent her to save the French and led them to victory at the battle of orleans. She helped make Charles VII king of France

46
New cards

Why is the Hundred Years' War important?

-France won

-France and England both became nations

-strengthen English parliament, not king

-strengthens French monarchy

47
New cards

What were the 3 kingdoms in Spain, and how did they become 2?

Portugal, Aragon, and Castille. Ferdinand of Aragon Marries Isabella of Castille and unifies the 2 kingdoms

48
New cards

Isabel and Ferdinand create the reconquista. What is that?

It unifies Spain under Roman Catholicism, and expel all other religions. The reconquista ends in 1492

49
New cards

Who conquered Russia in the early 1200's?

The mongols

50
New cards

Ivan the great refused to pay tribute to the Mongols. What did this cause?

He overthrew the mongols and centralized his power in Moscow. He also greatly expanded Russia and made it centralized in the hands of Caesar. Russian unification was influenced by the Orthodox Church.

51
New cards

Who were the mongols?

Nomadic clans from east Central Asia. They attacked and invaded china and Russia, and played a key role in reshaping the world at the end of the Middle Ages

52
New cards

What Empire did the mongols create and what did it do?

They created the Ottoman Empire, and in 1453 the captured Constantinople and ended the Byzantine empire. Constantinople becomes Istanbul, and the Hagia Sophia is converted into a mosque

53
New cards

What was the bubonic plague?

A bacterial infection known as the Black Death. It was caused by fleas on black rats. it took 1/3 of europes population, and in some places, 2/3

54
New cards

What were the effects of the bubonic plague?

-Scarcity of labor

-disruption of trade

-decline of power and influence of Catholic Church

55
New cards

Who were the crusades against?

Muslims, Spain conquered Toledo

56
New cards

what is lay investiture?

when the king appoints the bishops, but obviously it didn't work

57
New cards

what is the conquerdat of worms?

agreement between popes and bishops to make church and state desperate

58
New cards

what did pope urban II do?

pope who started the crusades

59
New cards

who is is saladin?

military leader of the muslims, that's how they won 2nd crusade

60
New cards

when was the children's crusade?

1212

61
New cards

when was the battle of tours?

732

62
New cards

when was the battle of hastings?

1066

63
New cards

when was the first crusade?

1095

64
New cards

who won each of the crusades?

1st-english people(the crusaders)

2nd- muslims

3rd-treaty of verdud

4th-attack on merchants in constantinople

65
New cards

what were the crusades over?

jerusalem

66
New cards

what was the treaty of ver whatever over?

control of jerusalem... muslims got control but all other could come and go as they pleased

67
New cards

who was richard the lion heart?

fought in 3rd crusade was part of treaty

68
New cards

what happened in 1453?

the ottoman turks captured constantinople

69
New cards

what did ivan III do?

stopped mongols from invading russia