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Chapter 3 vocab
Dispersed
population that is spread out over a wide area
Population distrubution
the places in which more/less people live in a geographic area
Physical/environmental Factors of Population Distribution
Climate
Temperate climates
Landforms
Economic Factors of Population Distribution
Available jobs
Political Factors of Population Distribution
Voluntary migration because of governmental policies, war, dictators & more
Cultural Factors of Population Distribution
Religion
Safety
Political Norms
Transportation
Housing
Feeling of belonging
Historical Factors of Population Distribution
When historical events that ONCE impacted population CONTINUE to impact it today
Human Migration
What occurs when humans migrate from one place to another
Population Density
The # of people that live it a geographic area
Arithmetic Density
A type of density that is measured by dividing the total population by the total land area to find the total # of people per unit of land
Physiological Density
The total # of people per unit of arable land
Agricultural density
The total # of farmers per unit of arable land
Subsistence Agriculture
The practice in which the majority of farming only provides resources for the farmers’ family & inner circle
What are the impacts of population density on society?
High demand for recourses
Impact on social services
Impact on disparities in economic growth
What are the impacts of population density on the environment?
More pressure on natural recourses
Pollution increase
More energy usage
Carrying Capacity
The maximum amount of people an environment can sustain
Dependency ratio
The # of people in a dependent age group divided by the # of people in a working age group & multiplied by 100
Used to measure the demand placed on the working class
Sex ratio
The proportion of males to females in a given population
What impacts sex ratio?
Death from childbirth in peripheral countries
Emigration
War
Cultural preferences/policies
Sex selection
The practice of using medical techniques to choose the sex of offspring
Demographics
Data about the structures + characteristics of human populations
Fertility
The ability to produce children
Directly correlates w/ birth rates
What impacts fertilty?
Shifts from agriculture to manufacturing that presented women with more labor opportunities
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The # of births in a given year per 1000 people in a given population
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Average # of children that 1 woman will have during childbearing years
What are the childbearing years?
15-49
Mortality
Deaths as a component of population change
What impacts mortality?
Availability + Affordability of healthcare, clean water, food, etc.
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
# of deaths in a given population per year per 1000 people
Infant mortality
# of infant deaths per 1000 live births
Replacement Level
# of children per woman necessary to keep a country’s population growth constant
Population Pyramids
Graphs that show age-sex distribution of a given population
Note
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