Patho Exam 1

vocab

Penicillin suffix

cillin

Cephalosporins prefix

cef, ceph

Macrolides suffix

thromycin

aminoglycosides suffix

mycin, micin, acin

Tetracyclines suffix

cycline

corticosteroids

sone, solone 

Which antibiotic class can cause photosensitivity and tooth discoloration?

tetracyclines

Which antibiotic class is most associated with ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?

Aminoglycosides

Uses of penicillin

strep throat, pneumonia, syphilis

uses of cephalosporin

UTI, pneumonia, skin infections

Uses of aminoglycosides

TB, gram- sepsis

Uses of tetracyclines

acne, lyme, rocky mtn spottter fever

uses of macrolides

H. Pilory and pertussis

Which antibiotic causes GI upset and QT prolongation?

Macrolide

Acetylcholine Chloride (Miochol-E) mechanism

Direct acting cholinergic (miosis)

adverse effects of Acetylcholine Chloride (Miochol-E)

Corneal inflammation and cloudiness

Echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide) mechanism

Indirect-acting cholinergic (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

Timolol Maleate (Timoptic) mechanism

Beta Antagonist (blocker), reduces aqueous humor reducing IOP, and minimal increase in aqueous outflow

Adverse effects of Timolol Maleate (Timoptic)

Systemic absorptions (beta1), eye irritation

contraindications for Timolol Maletate (timoptic)

asthma, COPD, bradycardia

What medication is used to treat the ears?

carbamide peroxide

what is the MOA of carbamide peroxide?

Emulsifies cerumen by releasing O2 which softens it. Mild antibacterial action

How to administer carbamide peroxide and why?

at room temperature as cold may lead to vestibular reaction (dizziness)

contraindications for carbamide peroxide?

ear drainage, tympanic rupture, pain/irritation

adverse effects of carbamide? interactions?

Local irritation, no known interactions

What are the 4 barrier defenses in the body?

Skin, mucous membranes, gastric acid, MHC