principles of management

Forming

the group comes together

Storming

slowly emerging interaction

Norming

accept their own roles and understand each others

Performing

enact roles and direct effort towards goal and performance

Positive of having a union

offers benefits

Positive of having a union

unifies workers

Negative of having a union

cause conflict with company

Negative of having a union

increased labor costs

Importance of ongoing training

To keep workers up-to-date with new systems

Importance of ongoing training

For performance feedback of employees

Functional group

Permanent group made by organization to accomplish a number of organizational purposes with unspecified time. (ad department at target)

Certainty in decision making

the decision maker knows with reasonable certainty what the alternatives are and what conditions are associated with each alternative

Uncertainty in decision making

decision maker does not know all the alternatives, the risks associated with each, or the consequences each alternative is likely to have.

Risk in decision making

the availability of each alternative and its potential payoffs and costs are all associated with probability estimates

Equal pay act

requires men and women be paid the same amount for doing the same job

Selective perception

Screening out information that causes discomfort or contradicts beliefs

Stereotyping

Categorizing or labeling on basis of a single attribute

Advantages of group decision making

Multiple opinions, more ideas to brainstorm

Disadvantages of group decision making

Too many ideas (can cause conflict)

Advantages of internal recruitment

encourages employees to work hard (shows they can be promoted)

Disadvantages of internal recruitment

can create tension between employees (friend becomes your boss)

Programmed decision

fairly structured or recurs with some frequency

Unprogrammed decision

Relatively unstructured and occurs much less often than a programmed decision

Financial control

firms have enough money receivables are collected and bills are paid on time

Human control

training and development

Physical control

quality control

Information control

sales and marketing protocols

Resistance to controls

Overcontrol - organizations try to control too many things. Leading to a push back

Resistance to controls

Inappropriate focus - focusing too much on the little things ; where to park, where to eat, what to wear ; instead of the quality of work given.

Overcome resistance to controls

employee participation - allow employees to take part in planning/decision making of the controls given on them (sort of as a compromise)

Importance of Financial control

Manages risk, helps organizations make healthy decisions

Internal locus of control

individuals are in control of their lives (work hard = success)

External locus of control

forces beyond their control dictate what happens to them (fate, chance, luck)

Self-Awareness (emotional intelligence)

This is the basis for the other components. It refers to a person's capacity for being aware of how they are feeling.

Managing Emotions (emotional intelligence)

This refers to a person's capacities to balance anxiety, fear, and anger so that they do not overly interfere with getting things accomplished.

Motivating Oneself (emotional intelligence)

This dimension refers to a person's ability to remain optimistic and to continue striving in the face of setbacks, barriers, and failure.

Empathy (emotional intelligence)

Empathy refers to a person's ability to understand how others are feeling, even without being explicitly told.

Social Skill (emotional intelligence)

This refers to a person's ability to get along with others and to establish positive relationships.

Stress

A person's response to a strong stimulus, which is called a stressor

Causes of work stress

Task Demands - quick decisions, critical decisions; Physical Demands - threats to health, temperature extremes; Role Demands - role conflict; Interpersonal Demands - conflicting personalities, group pressures

Negative consequences of stress

Burnout - feeling of exhaustion that may develop when someone experiences too much stress for an extended period of time

Ways to manage stress

Exercise, relaxation, time management, support groups