APUSH The American Pageant Chapters 1-6

Mound Builders

Who were the Native American civilizations of the eastern region of North America that created distinctive earthen works that served as elaborate burial places?

Aztec

Who was the Native American empire that controlled present day Mexico until they were conquered in 1521?

Inca

Who was the highly advanced South American civilization that occupied present day Peru until they were conquered by the Spanish in 1532?

Bering Strait

What was the land bridge between Asia and North America now is a passage of water from Russia to Alaska thought to be how Native Americans arrived from present day Europe to the present day Americas?

Maya

What was the Mesoamerican civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras but never unified into a single empire with the major contributions of mathematics, astronomy, and the development of the calendar?

Pueblo

Who were the Indian people of the Rio Grande Valley who were cruelly oppressed by the Spanish conquerors?

Treaty of Tordesillas

What was the treaty that secured Spanish title to lands in the Americas by dividing them with Portugal?

Atlantic Tribes

...

God, Glory, Gold

What were the primary motives of age of exploration and conquest?

Black Legend

What was the belief that the Spanish only killed, tortured and stole in the Americas while doing nothing good called?

Cortez

Who was the Spanish conqueror who defeated the Aztecs by claiming he was god whose return had been predicted?

Pequot War

What was the conflict in 1637 when the English slaughtered the natives of the Connecticut Mystic River Valley?

Pizarro

Who was the Spanish conqueror who crushed the Inca of Peru in 1532?

Columbus

Who was the Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)?

Encomienda

What was the system that allowed the Spanish government to give Native Americans to colonists in return for the promise to "Christianize" them?

Roanoke Island

What was the colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580s?

Jamestown

What was the riverbank site where the Virginia Company settlers planted the first English colony?

Glorious Revolution

What bloodless revolution did the English Parliament and William and Mary agree to overthrow James II for the sake of Protestantism, leading to a constitutional monarchy and the drafting of the English Bill of Rights?

John Smith

Who was the leader who rescued the Jamestown colonists from the "starving time" by instituting a disciplined work requirement?

Pocahontas

What Native American woman served as ambassador between the Indians of the Chesapeake and the Jamestown settlers and ultimately married an Englishman and converted to Christianity?

Stuarts

Which family ruled England after Queen Elizabeth 1 (Tutor) died with no heir, and started with James I of Scotland (always feuded with Parliament over debts and money)?

indentured servants

Who are penniless people obligated to forced labor for a fixed number of years, often in exchange for passage to the New World or other benefits?

John Rolfe

Who was the Jamestown leader who developed a method of raising and curing tobacco that transformed it into a viable economic venture?

House of Burgesses

What representative assembly was created in 1619 in Virginia and is the oldest continual governing body in North America?

Oliver Cromwell

Who was the English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)?

Iroquois Confederacy

What was the powerful Indian alliance of New York and the Great Lakes area comprised of several peoples?

Separatists

Who were radical Calvinists who considered the Church of England so corrupt that they broke with it and formed their own independent churches?

William Bradford

Who was the thirty time governor of the Plymouth colony who authored the memoir Of Plymouth Plantation?

Slavery

What was the condition of being owned by another person and being made to work without wages?

Congregational Church

What was the Puritan Church in America called?

Puritans

Who were English Calvinists who sought a thorough cleansing from within the Church of England?

covenant

What is the term for the Puritan's belief that Massachusetts Bay had a special arrangement with God to become a holy society?

John Winthrop

Who was the governor of Massachusetts Bay who claimed it was a holy "city upon a hill"?

Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism

Two-part Who was the radical woman preacher who claimed that the truly saved need not obey human or divine law and what is the name of this doctrine?

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

What is considered the first constitution or structure of government in the American colonies?

Great Migration (1630-1642)

What was the flight of some seventy thousand refugees from England to the North American colonies to establish a model Christian settlement in the new world

New England Confederation

What was the experimental union of four northern colonies in defense against Indians called?

English Civil War

What was the civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I, that was the revolution as a result of whether the sovereignty would remain with the king or with the Parliament, and eventually, the kingship was abolished?

Pilgrims

What was the group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts in 1620 to seek religious freedom after having lived briefly in the Netherlands?

Metacom (King Philip)

Who was the Wampanoag Chieftain who waged an unsuccessful war against New England in 1675?

Roger Williams

Who was the radical Massachusetts exile who founded the most tolerant New England colony?

William Penn

Who was the founder of the most tolerant and democratic of the Middle Colonies?

Peter Stuyvesant

Who was the director general of New Netherland who ultimately lost the colony to the English?

salutary neglect

What is the term for the English government's loose enforcement of trade restrictions on the American colonists?

English Bill of Rights

Who was the autocratic governor of the Dominion of New England who was removed after the Glorious Revolution in England?

Bacon's Rebellion

What was the uprising in Virginia in 1676 that featured landless farmers against Indians and the colonial government?

Indentured Servants

Who are immigrants who received passage to America in exchange for a fixed term of labor?

headright system

What was Maryland and Virginia's system of granting land to anyone who provided trans-Atlantic passage for laborers?

Half-way Covenant

What was the formula devised by Puritan ministers in 1662 to offer partial church membership to people who had not experienced conversion?

Salem witch trials

What was the 1692 New England judicial event that inflamed popular feelings, led to the deaths of twenty people, and weakened the Puritan clergy's prestige?

Leisler's Rebellion

What was the uprising in New York from 1689-1691 between lordly landholders and aspiring merchants?

Cotton Mather

Who was the Puritan theologian, who urged the inoculation against smallpox, and encouraged the Salem Witch Trials?

Dom. of New England

What was the most concerted attempt by king james II to consolidate control in north america?

Quakers

What was the society of friends, and protestant sect founded in 1640s in England whose members believed that salvation was available to all people

Middle Passage

What was the trans-Atlantic route used by slave traders to deliver Africans to the Western Hemisphere?

Universities

What are Degree-granting institutions of higher learning. Those that appeared in Latin West from about 1200 onward became the model of all modern universities?

Ben Franklin

Who was an inventor, statesman, diplomat, signer of the Declaration of Independence and delegate to the Constitutional Convention?

jeremiad

What was the term for the sermons preached by New England pastors that warned their followers of the dangers of deviating from God's plan for them?

Congregational Church

What was the name of the self-governing Puritan church without the hierarchical establishment of the Anglican Church?

Paxton Boys

What was the 1764 uprising in Pennsylvania that resulted from the oligarchy's leniency towards the Native Americans?

Regulator movement

What was the rebellious movement of Scots-Irish frontiersman in the southern colonies that included future President Andrew Jackson?

Triangular Trade

What was the term for the Trans-Atlantic mercantile routes that included Africa, the Americas, and Europe?

old lights

Who were the orthodox clergymen who rejected the emotionalism of the Great Awakening in favor of a more rational spirituality?

Jonathan Edwards

Who was the New England minister whose sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" became an American classic?

George Whitefield

Who was the itinerant English evangelist who drew enormous crowds to hear his sermons?

new lights

What were ministers called who promoted religious revival and an emotional religious experience?

established churches

What was the term for the tax-supported condition of Congregational and Anglican churches, but not of Baptists, Quakers, and Roman Catholics?

Great Awakening

What was the spectacular, emotional religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s?

Zenger trial

What was the case that established the precedent that true statements about public officials could not be prosecuted as libel?

Trumbull, Peale, West, and Copley

Who were four of the colonial painters who studied and worked in Britain and are considered the great American colonial portrait painters?

Phillis Wheatley

Who was the former slave who became a poet at an early age whose work was published as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral?

Anglican Church

What was the established religion in southern colonies and New York weakened by a lackadaisical clergy and too-close ties to the British crown?

Huguenots

Who were French Protestants, who were granted toleration by the Edict of Nantes in 1598 but not permitted to settle in New France?

Salutary neglect

What became the term for the period of time in which Parliament failed to enforce the laws placed on the colonies?

George Washington, Ft. Necessity

What American colonel initiated the French and Indian War in the vicinity of the French fort, Ft. Duquesne and what was the name of his hastily erected fortification that he was forced to surrender?

French and Indian War, Seven Years' War

What did Americans call the conflict that lasted in the American colonies from 1754-1763 and what was it known as in Europe?

William Pitt

Who was the splendid British orator and organizer of the winning strategy against the French in North America?

Pontiac

Who was the Indian leader whose frontier uprising caused the British to attempt to limit colonial expansion?

Proclamation of 1763

What was the British document that was an attempt to stop colonial expansion west of the Appalachians?

John Locke

Who was the English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)?

Montesquieu

Who was the French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)?

Adam Smith

Who was the Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790)?

Deism

What is the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation?

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