Human Rights Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding human rights as discussed in the lecture, including definitions, frameworks, and important treaties.

Human Rights

Rights all individuals possess by virtue of being human, regardless of their status as citizens of particular states or members of a group.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

A declaration adopted by the UN General Assembly that defines 'a common standard of achievement for all peoples' and forms the foundation of modern human rights law.

Boomerang Model

A process through which NGOs in one state activate transnational linkages to bring pressure from other states on their own governments.

Second-Generation Rights

Economic, social, and cultural rights that more focus on equality, often supported by communist and developing nations.

First-Generation Rights

Civil and political rights that include individual freedoms such as speech and equal protection, typically promoted by Western countries.

International Bill of Human Rights

The collective name for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).

Transitional Justice

A process focusing on reconciliation methods post-conflict, moving away from criminal prosecution towards healing mechanisms.

International Criminal Court (ICC)

A court established to prosecute individuals for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide, operational since 2002.

National Sovereignty

The principle that states have the authority to govern themselves without external interference.

TANs (Transnational Advocacy Networks)

Networks that transcend national boundaries and work to promote human rights internationally.