NHA phlebotomy exam

While transferring serum into an isolator tube, some blood splashes into your eyes. What must you do?

Rinse your eyes with water for 15 minutes

You are conducting a streptococcal pharyngitis test on a pa-tient. What transmission-based precaution should you take?

Droplet

You observe a glucometer reading of 250 mL/dL. You get a reading in the average range when you do a second test. What may have caused the first result?

You used too much blood

You are to perform a glucometer reading for a young adult while the patient's parent is in the room. The parent asks what the patient's glucose level is. What should you do?

Ask the patient for permission to provide the results to the parent

You are about to collect a blood sample when you find a cracked glass collection tube. What must you do?

Dispose of the tube in a sharps container

What information must be included when filling out a glucose monitor quality control record?

The date that battery is changed

Other than gloves, what PPE should you wear when performing venipuncture for a patient with pneumonia?

Face mask

After completing a venipunc-ture in an isolation room, what personal protective equipment should you remove first?

Gloves

If you receive a needlestick injury, for what bloodborne pathogen are you at most significant risk?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

What of the following actions must you do when collecting a blood culture?

Rub the site with isopropyl alcohol for 30 seconds

What solution should be used to clean a spill of cerebral spinal fluid?

Chlorine-bleach

After receiving a needlestick in-jury, what information must you input in the online sharps injury log?

The department where the injury happened

What antiseptic should you use during a blood alcohol test?

Chlorhexidine gluconate

At a minimum, what personal protective equipment do you need to prepare to aliquot a blood specimen?

Face shield and gloves

A centrifuge catches on fire. In what class of fire should this situation be identified?

Class C

When collecting a sample for cholesterol, troponin, and HDL blood results, in which department should these tests be pro-cessed?

Chemistry

You collect a blood collection in a micro collection container after two failed venipuncture at-tempts. Why should you write on the medical requisition form that you collected the

To alert the lab of the presence of capillary blood

What is the correct way to perform CPR on an infant as a medical professional?

30 compressions, 5.08 cm

(2 in) deep

A patient has a wound infected with MRSA (methicillin-resist-ant Staphylococcus aureus). You are tasked with performing venipuncture for this patient.

What must you do once you complete the procedure?

Dispose of gloves upon leaving the room

You are about to perform the third set of blood draws for a glucose tolerance test (GTT)

when the patient starts to cry and does not want to extend her arm. What is the best thing to say?

"May I please draw your blood?”

Which of the following statements regarding standard precautions for infection control is false?

Use both hands to recap needles

Antisepsis is a technique that is used on which of the following?

skin

How often should latex gloves be changed?

Between patient contacts

Once you have stopped excessive bleeding, what should you apply over the site?

Pressure bandage

The patient may leave when the bleeding has stopped com-pletely, and there are no signs of

Syncope

What is the difference between syncope and hypovolemic shock?

Fainting may be caused by pain or emotions

You are performing venipuncture, and a hemorrhage occurs in a limb. What must you do?

Elevate the extremity and continue applying pressure until more medical assistance arrives

How long should you scrub hands when washing according to CDC?

30 seconds

Where should you dispose of all contaminated material?

A biohazard bag

What is the best way to prevent infection and transmission?

Handwashing

When disinfecting a venipunc-ture site, why should you not use cotton balls?

Cotton balls leave behind small fibers

Alcohol that has not fully dried on the venipuncture site can lead to

Hemolysis of the specimen

What is alcohol's purpose in bacterial testing?

Remove oil

What is the purpose of povi-done-iodine in bacterial testing?

Kill bacteria

What should you use at the venipuncture site if the patient is allergic to alcohol?

Chlorhexidine gluconate

What form must you and the patient sign to permit blood tests to determine exposure?

HIV

What is required following accidental exposure to body fluids?

Documentation of the accidental exposure

What is the first priority after accidental exposure?

First aid

What is the term for the following equipment: gloves, masks, gowns, face shields, and gog-gles?

Personal Protective

Equipment

What PPE should be worn for venipuncture?

Gloves

When should you wash your hands?

before and after every patient

What should be done if your gloves are punctured or torn?

Replace the gloves

Where should you dispose of used needles and lancets?

Sharps container

According to the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, what two guidelines must all at-risk employees adhere to?

Personal protective equipment ment and HBV immunization

What organization establishes regulations for phlebotomists to work as effectively and safely as possible?

OSHA

What guidelines protect healthcare professionals from exposure to body fluids, prevent ex-posure, and train for handling situations of body fluid exposure?

Bloodborne Pathogen

Standard

All phlebotomists and healthcare professionals must deem body fluids as..

Potentially infectious

What information must the sharps injury log include?

Date, time, type of sharps used, staff or patient involved (without names), location, description

In the case of a splash risk, what can you use instead of a full-face shield?

Goggles and face mask

What independent, non-govern-mental, nonprofit organization accredits and certifies healthcare facilities to focus on the continual importance of quality of care and patient safety?

The Joint Commission

What organization established the proper order of draw for venipuncture?

Clinical and Laboratory

Standards Institute (CLSI)

What should you first use to disinfect a needlestick injury?

Hydrogen peroxide

Starting a procedure without consent is considered

Assault

What should you do if a patient refuses care?

Notify a nurse and the ordering physician

How should you obtain patient identification from a conscious patient prior to venipuncture?

Ask the patient, "What is your name?"

How often should laboratory equipment be cleaned?

Several times a day

What lab test is the least complicated to perform, with results that are as accurate as possible and a low risk of error?

CLIA-waived tests

What is not considered a sharp?

Glucometer

What are the three types of transmission included in trans-mission-based precautions?

Contact, droplet, airborne

What types of transmission do mumps, rubella, meningi-tis, diphtheria, and influenza fall under?

Droplet

What types of transmission do tuberculosis, rubeola (measles), and varicella (chickenpox) fall under?

Airborne

What type of precaution is required for scabies and wound/ skin infections?

Contact

What PPE should you use for contact-based transmissions?

Gloves and grown

What PPE should you use for droplet-based transmissions?

Mask

What PPE should you use for air-borne-based transmissions?

N95 mask

When performing CPR, what results in a higher survival rate?

Faster compressions

What is the adult compression rate during CPR?

100-12o compressions per minute

Before administering CPR in an emergency, what should you do first?

Call 911

When can you use hand sanitizer instead of handwashing?

When hands are not visibly soiled

What PPE gear should you use when dealing with and processing blood samples and specimen containers (i.e., vacuum tubes, urine collections), like loading and unloading the centrifuge and carrying out diagnostic tests?

Gown

What items are disposed of in a biohazard bag?

Used glucose test strips

What is the normal range for glucose levels?

60-180 mg/dL

On what document should you record equipment maintenance and quality control testing?

Equipment log

What happens if the centrifuge is not balanced?

It vibrates more than usual, with more noise

How should glucometers be cleaned after each use?

Wiped with an alcohol wipe

When obtaining patient identi-fication, which of the following information do you need?

Patient number, full name, date of birth

When drawing blood from a patient admitted for cardiac symp-toms, what action should you take when drawing blood?

Collect the patient's blood

Which information is required on the requisition form for an outpatient blood collection?

Patient's billing information and test status

A patient has a history of syncope in previous blood collec-tions. What should you do to avoid this happening?

Place the patient in a su-

pine position

What should the patient do before their blood is taken for a cholesterol test?

Sit for about 5 minutes before test

What should you use when taking a sample for a coagulation test from a three-year-old patient?

Winged safety butterfly

What should you do if an inpatient has an IV in both arms?

Ask the nurse to turn off IVs for two minutes

In what position should a patient's arm be during venipuncture?

Extended fully downward

A blood sample of a patient who ate a fatty meal before blood collection is processing. What should you expect to find about the specimen after centrifugation?

The specimen is lipemic.

Before blood collection, a patient tells you he is taking warfarin (anticoagulant meds). What type of test will be affected by this medication?

PT/INR

You are taking a patient's blood sample to check for lithium level after a dose of medication. At which level should you collect the sample?

Peak

How should you answer if a patient asks you why his blood is to be collected?

You should ask your provider about the test.

When collecting a urine sample for a culture and sensitivity test, how should you direct your patient to do so?

"You must collect a midstream clean catch specimen."

What information should you provide to the patient about the venipuncture procedure?

"I will swab the area twice to ensure it is sterile."

What should you do when preparing to collect blood samples to track a patient's medication levels?

Ask the nurse when the medication was last administered

What type of urine sample should a patient collect for a pregnancy test?

First morning void

How should you interact with a patient wearing hearing aids to ensure he understands the pro-cedure?

"Would you like me to repeat the directions?"

How should you check an ID if a patient is unconscious?

Use the ID bracelet only if attached to the wrist

What makes an ID bracelet an acceptable form of ID?

Worn around patient's wrist only

When can you ask the family to identify the patient?

When the patient is alert but unable to communicate

What is a requisition form?

Identification form with last name, birth date, and other information

All patients are subject to protection under the

Patients bill of rights

The patient does not have the right to

Access the health information of family members

What is explicit consent required for?

Only larger, invasive treatments

What should a requisition form include?

the patient's full name, sex, birth date, ID number, lab test ordered by the patient's doctor, the full name of the doctor, date and time of the lab test, and your initials as the phlebotomist.