Posterior Abdomen

Psoas Minor Origin

side of bodies of T12 and L1

Psoas Minor Insertion

Iliopubic eminence

Psoas Minor Action

Flexes the pelvis on trunk

Psoas minor Nerve

L1, L2 Ventra Rami

Psoas Major Origin

TPs of a L1-L5 and interveining IVDs

Psoas Major Insertion

Lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas Major Action

Flexes thigh; when thigh is flexed flexes trinkN

Psoas Major Nerve

Ventral Rami L2-L4

Iliacus Origin

superior 2/3 of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligament

Iliacus Insertion

Tendon of psoas

Iliacus action

flexes the thigh, flexes pelvis on trunk

iliacus nerve

femoral nerve

Quadratus lumborum Origin

Iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest

Quadratus lumborum Insertion

Medial half of 12th rib and tips of lumbar tps

Quadratus lumborum action

extends and laterally flexes vertebral column

Quadratus lumborum nerve

Ventral rami T12-L4

Median Sacral is point of

bifurcation

Unpaired abdominal branches

celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric, median sacral artery

Paired branches of abdominal aorta

inferior phrenic, middle suprarenal, renal, testicular/ovarian (gonadal), lumbar and common iliac

IVC extends from

L5 to T8

IVC is the coming together of

iliac veins

Which veins drains into IVC directly

right gonad and suprarenal vein

Left gonad and left suprarenal vein drains into

renal vein

Lumabr plexus are all nerves of

posterior abdominal wall

Lumabar sympathetic chain consists of

4 paravertebral ganglia

Lumabar sympathetic chain passes posterior to

medial arcuate ligament

Pre-aortic nodes form

intestinal trunk

Lateral nodes form right and left

lumbar trunks

intestinal trunk and lumbar trunks form

cisterna chyli

Perineum is the

space below the pelvic diaphragm

Perineum is defined as the

entire outlet of pelvic cavity

Perineum is seperated from main pelvic cavity by

pelvic diaphragm

Perineum is divided into

urogenital triangle and anal triangle

Anterior bound of perineum

symphysis pubis

lateral bound of perineum

ischial tuberosities

Posterior bound of perineum

tip of coccyx

Urogenital triangle is the ____ portion

anterior

Anal triangle is the _____ portion

posterior

Content of anal triangle

anal canal, cutaneous nerves, external anal sphincter, ischioanal fossa

Ischioanal fossa contains which nerve

pudendal nerve (alcock’s canal)

occasional site of abscess

Anal triangle is different in males vs females

false

Superficial perineal pouch lies between

inferior fascia of urogential diaphragm and colles fascia

Bulbospongiosus invests what in males

bulb of penis

ischiocavernous invests what in males

crura of penis

Difference between men and female deep perineal pouch

vagina and spincter vaginae

Bulbospongiosus, superficial transerve, ischiocavernousus, perineal body, perineal branch of pudendal nerve, paraurethral glands greater vestibular glands (bartholin’s glands) are part of

superficial perineal pouch

Orientation of pelvis

ASIS and anterior aspect of of pubis lie in same vertical plane

Pelvic brim/outlet serves as

dividing plane between true and false pelvis

Pelvic inlet is bound by

promontory, ala, arcuate line, iliopubic eminence, pubic line, pubic crest

Pelvic outlet is bounded by

pubic arch anteriorly, ischial tuberositys, inferior margin of sacrotuberous posterolaterally, tip of coccyx

Shallowest part of pelvic wall is

anterior part

Posterior pelvic wall is formed by

sacrum, coccyx, piriformis muscle, parietal pelvic fascia

Lateral pelvic wall is formed by

part of hip bone below inlet, obturator membrane, sacrotuberous and sacrospinous lig., obterator internus m. and fascia

Inferior pelvic wall is formed by pelvic diaphragm which consists of

levator ani and coccygeus

Arteries of true pelvis include

internal iliac, superior rectal (inferior mesenteric), ovarian a. and median sacral a.

what seperates anterior and posterior divison of pelvis

prifiormis muscle

Internal iliac branches for posterior division

Iliolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gluteal

Veins of pelvis

external and internal iliac veins, median sacral veins

Nerves of pelvis

lumbar plexus, lumbrosacral trunk, obturator nerve

Onlu structures that pass through pelvic outlet

anal canal, urethra, vafina

Male pelvis is

thick and heavy

Male greater pelvis is

deep

Male lesser pelvis is

narrow and deep, tapering

Pelvic inlet in males is

heart shaped, narrow

Pelvic outlet in males is

comparitively small

Pubic arch and subpunic angle in males is

narrow (<70º)

obturator foramen in males

round

Acetabulum is what in males

large

greater sciatic notch in males is

narrow (~70º); inverted V

Autonomic sacral splanchnic pregg SP fiber synapse with

postgg neurons in inferior hypo plexus

Anterolateral bound of perineum

inferior pubic rami

Posterolateral bound of perineum

sacrotuberous ligament and inferior border of glut max