Pregnant Workers Fairness Act and 8th Amendment Review

Flashcards covering key concepts from the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act and the 8th Amendment regarding cruel and unusual punishment.

Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (2022)

Legislation that requires reasonable accommodations for employees affected by pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.

Reasonable accommodations

Adjustments or modifications provided by an employer to enable employees affected by pregnancy to perform their job effectively.

Undue hardship

Significant difficulty or expense to an employer when making accommodations for employees.

Interactive process

A collaborative dialogue between employer and employee to identify reasonable accommodations.

8th Amendment

Part of the U.S. Constitution that prohibits cruel and unusual punishment.

Trop v. Dulles (1958)

A case that established the principle of 'evolving standards of decency' in the context of the 8th Amendment.

Cruel and unusual punishment

Punishments that are considered inhumane, degrading, or excessively harsh.

National Consensus

A general agreement among federal and state sentencing policies and practices regarding humane treatment.

Judicial Determination

The process by which courts interpret laws and constitutional principles.

Affirmative duty to protect well-being of incarcerated

The obligation of correctional facilities to ensure the safety and medical care of prisoners.