Y8 Science - end of year exams flashcards

Photoshynthesis word equation

Carbon dioxide + water → oxygen + glucose

Plant mineral need for growth

Nitrate

Plant mineral need for healthy roots

phosphates

Plant mineral need for healthy leaves and flowers

potassium

Plant mineral need for making chlorophyll

magnesium

Two cell parts that are not present in animal cells

Cell wall

Chloroplasts

Small objects in the plant cell where photosythesis takes place

What is the waxy layer for (inbetween two first cells)

To reduce water loss by evapration

What is the stomata for

allow gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen in or out during photosynthesis and respiration

Chloroplasts

found in the cells of green parts of plants only (leaves and stems) which contain a green pigment called chlorophyll in which photosynthesis occurs.

Leaves are specailly adapted for photosphynthis

-Have lots of green chlorophyll - for absorbing sunlight

-Have a large sruface area - absrob as much light as possible

Aerobic respiration

Respiration with oxygen and in most cells most of the time.

Anaerobic respiration

Respiration without oxygen and most common during intense physical activity

Aerobic respiration word eqaution

glucose + oxygen →carbon dioxide + water (and energy)

Anaerobic respiration (in animals) word equation

glucose → lactic acid (and energy)

Where does Aerobic Respriatoin occur

in the mitochondria

What is photosynthesis

A chemical reaction that occurs in the chloroplasts of plants in which the energy in light is stored in glucose.

What is the law of conversation of energy

Law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred

What do thermometers mesaure

temprature in degrees Celsius or fahrenheit

What is Equilibrium

when objects have the same thermal energy - they are equal

What is Condcution

Transfer of heat through diffrent objects touching eachother (Partiacles collodie into eacchtoher when they vibratie)

What is Convection

The transfer of heat through heating (rising) and cooling (falling) in liquid and gases

What is Radiation

The transfer of heat by electro magenetic waves (not particules so can happen in a vacum) in contact with objects

What is Energy mesaured in

Joules (J)

What is speed and whats its formula

Speed is how far something moves in a certain time

speed (m/s) = Distance (m) ÷ Time taken (s)

What is Pressure and what its formula

Pressure is the force exerted on a surface because of weight

Pressure (N/m²) = Force (N) ÷ Area (m²)

What is Compression

Compression is if you compress a gas into a smaller volume there will be more colsions, and so higher presure

What is moments and whats its formula

Moments are the turning effect of a force

Moment (Nm) = Force (N) x Perpendicular distance from the pivot (m)

Whats the Law of moments

When forces are balanced, all the clockwise moments added together must equal of the anticlockwise moments added together

What is turning force

A force may cause an object to turn about a pivot.

What is a pivot

the point around which the object can rotate or turn