Chapter 1 AP World

AP world Unit 1

Sui Dynasty

Founded by Yang Jian, known for military conquest and the construction of the Grand Canal.

Tang Dynasty

Established after a rebellion, known for its 300-year rule and the effective leadership of Tang Taizong.

Song Dynasty

Focused on civil service and education under Emperor Song Taizum, with less emphasis on military expansion.

Meritocracy

All three dynasties promoted government positions based on merit rather than birth.

Imperial Examination System

Flourished particularly under the Tang and Song dynasties, ensuring officials were chosen based on abilities.

Agricultural Advancements

Key to economic growth in all three dynasties, including new farming techniques and tools.

Trade Flourishing

Especially prominent under the Tang and Song dynasties, with the Silk Road and maritime trade becoming vital.

Urban Centers

Growth of cities like Chang'an and Kaifeng as hubs of commerce and culture during all three dynasties.

Grand Canal

A significant achievement of the Sui Dynasty, facilitating trade and military movement between northern and southern China.

Cultural Flourishing

Notable during the Tang and Song dynasties, especially in poetry, painting, and calligraphy.

Technological Innovations

Included advancements in printing, gunpowder, and navigation during the Tang and Song dynasties.

Buddhism

Reached its height during the Tang Dynasty, with continued influence in the Song Dynasty.

Neo-Confucianism

Emerged during the Song Dynasty, blending Confucian values with Buddhist and Taoist thought.

Military Focus

Sui and Tang dynasties emphasized military expansion, while the Song Dynasty focused on defense.

Agricultural Surplus

Increased productivity led to market growth and urbanization, particularly during the Song Dynasty.

Market Economy

Developed through agricultural innovations, urbanization, and the introduction of paper money.

Japanese Influence

Japan adopted Chinese political structures but maintained its independence and unique cultural identity.

Vietnamese Sinicization

Vietnam experienced direct Chinese rule, adopting many Chinese administrative practices while preserving its culture.

Korean Tributary State

Korea acknowledged Chinese suzerainty while developing its own governance influenced by Confucianism.

Heian Period

A golden age of Japanese culture marked by literature, art, and the rise of the samurai class.