Black History Quiz Bowl 2

Government and Politics

Allensworth By Allen Allensworth in 1908

This is the only California community to be founded, financed and governed by African-Americans. Created by ——, the town was built with the intention of establishing a self-sufficient, all-black city where African-Americans could live their lives free of racial discrimination.

Andrew Felton Brimmer

(September 13, 1926-October 7, 2012) was a noted United States economist, academic, and business leader who was the first African American to have served as a governor of the Federal Reserve System. Brimmer was born in Tensas Parish, Louisiana, to a family of sharecroppers. He obtained both his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Washington, and received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1957.

Barack Hussein Obama II

(born August 4, 1961) was the 44th President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office

Barbara Charline Jordan

She (1936 - 1996)was a lawyer, educator, an American politician, and a leader of the Civil Rights Movement. A Democrat, she was the first African American elected to the Texas Senate after Reconstruction, the first Southern African-American woman elected to the United States House of Representative

Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.

He is remembered for being the first African American Air Force General. His father, - Sr., was the first African American General in the U.S. Army

Colin Luther Powell

He is a retired four-star general in the United States Army. During his military career, Powell also served as National Security Advisor (1987 - 1989), as Commander of the U.S. Army Forces Command (1989) and as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1989–1993), holding the latter position during the Persian Gulf War. He was the 65th United States Secretary of State, serving from 2001 to 2005, the first black person to serve in that position.

David Alexander Paterson

He (born May 20, 1954) is an American politician. He was the 55th Governor of New York, in office from 2008 to 2010. He was the first African American governor of New York and also the second legally blind governor of any U.S. state.

Eric Holder

He was born in 1951. He attended Columbia Law School. Holder was an associate judge of the D.C. Superior

Court under President Reagan; U.S. attorney for Washington, D.C., then deputy attorney general under Clinton; and

for Obama, Holder was senior legal advisor to his presidential campaign, later becoming the first African-American Attorney General in history

Frederick Douglas

He (1818 - February 20, 1895) was an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York, gaining note for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writings.

In his time, he was described by abolitionists as a living counter-example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves lacked the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens. Northerners at the time found it hard to believe that such a great orator had once been a slave.

Eugene Jacques Bullard

Georgia-born, 1917, denied entry into the U.S. Army Air Corps because of his race, served throughout World War I in the French Flying Corps and was the first African American combat pilot. He received the Legion of Honor, France's highest honor, among many other decorations.

Hiram Rhodes Revels

He was the first African American ever elected to the United States Senate. He represented the state of Mississippi from February 1870 to March 1871.

William S. Whipper

In 1836, he helped form the American Moral Reform Society, which helped blacks acquire farmland and aided runaway slaves in their escape to Canada.

Harvey Gantt

In 1963, he became the 1st African American to be admitted to Clemson University in South Carolina. He ultimately received a degree in architecture with Honors, earned a master's at MIT, and established a practice in Charlotte with a partner.

He entered local politics, where he was elected to the city council, serving from 1974 to 1983. He was elected to two terms as the 1st African American Mayor of Charlotte from 1983 to 1987.

Robert Weaver

In 1966, he served as the first United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (also known as HUD). After his death in 1997, the HUD headquarters was renamed the Robert C. Weaver Federal Building in his honor. Politician Robert Weaver was the first African-American to hold a cabinet-level position in the United States.

South Fulton

In 2018, an Atlanta suburb, had the distinction of becoming perhaps the first city in the nation to have its criminal justice system led entirely by black women:

- Chief Judge Tiffany Carter Sellers

- Interim Police Chief Sheila Rogers

- Solicitor LaDawn ""LBJ"" Jones

- Public Defender Viveca Famber Powell

- Court Administrator Lakesiya Cofield

- Chief Court Clerk Ramona Howard

- Court Clerk Tiffany Kinslow

- Court Clerk Kerry Stephens

The Black Capital of Anti-Slavery with groups

The Philadelphia Female Anti- Slavery Society,

The Philadelphia Young Men’s Anti- Slavery Society

and The Philadelphia Anti-Slavery Society.

In the mid 1800s Philadelphia was known as because of the strong abolitionist presence there and such groups as:

Joseph Hayne Rainey

He (1832 - 1887) was the first African American to serve in the United States House of Representatives, the second black person to serve in the United States Congress (U.S. Senator Hiram Revels was the first), and the first black presiding officer of the House of Representatives. Born into slavery in South Carolina, he was freed in the 1840s by his father purchasing the freedom of his entire family and himself.

Lawrence Douglas Wilder

He (born January 17, 1931) is an American politician, who served as the first African American to be elected as governor of Virginia and first African-American governor of any state since Reconstruction. Wilder served as the 66th Governor of Virginia from 1990 to 1994.

Leah Ward Sears

She (born June 13, 1955) is an American jurist and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Sears was the first African-American female Chief Justice in the United States. When she was first appointed as justice in 1992 by Governor Zell Miller, she became the first woman and youngest person to sit on Georgia's Supreme Court.

Macon Bolling Allen

He is believed to be both the first African American licensed to practice law and to hold a judicial position in the United States. Allen passed the bar exam in Maine in 1844 and became a Massachusetts Justice of yhe Peace in 1848.

Oscar Holmes

He (born in 1916) broke three color barriers in his lifetime, although he never set out to become a pioneer.
Holmes was not only the first Black air traffic controller, he was also the U.S. Navy’s first Black commissioned officer
and the military branch’s first Black pilot.

Pea Island Life-Saving Station

This was a life-saving station on Pea Island, on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. It was
the first life-saving station in the country to have an all-black crew, and to have a black man, Richard Etheridge, as commanding officer. The U.S. Life-Saving Service formed what is now the U.S. Coast Guard.

Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback

He was an American publisher and politician,
a Union Army officer, and first African American to become governor of a U.S. state. He was born free in Georgia.
Pinchback served as the 24th Governor of Louisiana from December 9, 1872, to January 13, 1873. He was later
elected to the state legislature, serving from 1879 to 1880.

Dr. Ralph Johnson Bunche

Political scientist and diplomat received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation
efforts in Palestine during the 1940s. He was the first African-American to receive the honor.

Ralph A. Campbell, Jr.

He (1946 – 2011) was for three terms the State Auditor of North Carolina. A Democrat, Campbell was the first
African-American to hold a state-wide elected executive office in North Carolina.

David Goggins

Retired military man and motivational speaker is considered to be among the world's best ultra-endurance athletes. He is the only person to have completed Navy SEAL training, Army Ranger School, and Air Force Tactical Air Controller training. He was also a world record holder for the most number of pull-ups done in 24 hours.

Robert Smalls

He escaped from slavery by stealing a Confederate ship, piloting it through Confederate-controlled waters to freedom, then personally helped convince Abraham Lincoln to accept African-Americans into the Army and Navy.

After a successful career in business, he entered politics and served three terms in the US House Of Representatives.

Ronald Harmon Brown

He was an American politician. He served as the United States Secretary of
Commerce during the first term of President Bill Clinton. Prior to this he was chairman of the Democratic National
Committee (DNC). He was the first African American to hold these positions.

Smith v. Allwright

The 1944 Supreme Court ruling in — was important because it banned the “white primary” which prevented Blacks in the south from voting.

Thurgood Marshall

He was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from 1967 until 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.

Lawrence Joel

Winston-Salem native was the first black man to receive the Medal of Honor for battlefield heroism.
On 8 Nov. 1965 near Bien Hoa in South Vietnam, Company C of the 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry, 173rd Airborne Brigade, was attacked by a Viet Cong force that killed or wounded nearly every man in the lead American squad. a medical aidman, bandaged his own wound, injected himself with morphine, and then attended his wounded
comrades within sight of the enemy. When he received another bullet in the thigh, Joel continued to drag himself
across the battlefield, treating thirteen more men before his medical supplies ran out. In 1986 the Winston-Salem
Board of Aldermen voted to name the city's new coliseum for him.