History Exam

election of September 1930

Nazis increased their number of seats in the Reichstag from 12 to 107

Nazi Votes

Went from 810,000 votes in May 1928 to 13,745,000 in July 1932, with the marjority of votes

July 1930

Chancellor Brüning cut government expenditure, wages and unemployment pay

How many people in Germany 1929 were unemployed

 1.7 millon

How many people in Germany 1932 were unemployed

6 millon - one in three Germans

How many people were directly effected by unemployment

23 millon

How much did foreign banks let Germans borrow from 1924 to 1929

around 25,000 millon marks

When did Hitler ban all other parties

14th July 1933

1 Dawes

1924 Dawes Plan - Germany gets loans from US for treaty signed 28 June 1919 - US give Germany 800 mil, foreign banks give Germans around 25,000 mil 1924-1929

2 NY

October 1929 prices on NY stock exchange - Mid November stock prices fall by 33% - banks who lent money to failed investors recall all loans

3 German

German banks go bankrupt & businesses shut down. 1929 1.7 mil unemployed 1932 6 mil 30% - 23 mil directly effected. People who still have jobs suffer from low wages and worse conditions

4 July 1930

July 1930 Chancellor Bruning cuts government expenditures, wages and unemployment pay. Reichstag doesn’t agree - Hindenburg uses article 48 of Weimar consutition - undermines democracy and weakens power of Reichstag

5 People

People unemployed and hungry - desperately turn to extreme political parties offering fast solutions. 1930 - 1933 support for Nazis and communists soars

6 Propaganda

Nazis get people into their favor by using propaganda - rallies and posters to convince that they will end unemployment, fix the economy, and agree with people to dismantle Weimar gov.

7 Scapegoats

Nazis use Jewish and Weimar republic as scapegoats and position themselves as solution - voting for Nazis as self defense - Nazis do soup kitchens

8 September 1930

Election of September 1930 - Nazis increase seats from 12 to 107 and gain over 129,000,00 votes from May 1928 to July 1932. They have the most votes - Hitler becomes chancellor 30th Jan 1933

9 Resentment of Weimar

Long term resentment of Weimar Gov. after treaty (national humiliation and Diktat (dictated peace) lead to territorial loss, war guilt and reparations - Hitler want to get rid of Gov. and Treaty

10 No great depression

No great depression: Hitler doesn’t become chancellor - People not as desperate so he doesn’t get as many votes based on his extremist policies like National economic self reliance

11

The 1924 Dawes Plan says that Germany gets loans from US for treaty reparations signed 28 June 1919. US give Germany 800 mil, foreign banks give Germans around 25,000 mil from 1924-1929. In October 1929 prices on NY stock exchange fall. By Mid November stock prices fall by 33%. Banks who lent money to failed investors recall all loans. Therefore,
German banks go bankrupt & businesses shut down. In 1929 there are 1.7 mil unemployed. In 1932 there are 6 mil which is 30% of working Germans. 23 mil are directly effected. People who still have jobs suffer from low wages and worse conditions. In July 1930 Chancellor Bruning cuts government expenditures, wages and unemployment pay. The Reichstag doesn’t agree so Hindenburg uses article 48 of Weimar consutition. This undermines democracy and weakens the power of the Reichstag. People are unemployed and hungry so they desperately turn to extreme political parties offering fast solutions. From 1930 to 1933 support for Nazis and communists soars.

12

Nazis get people into their favor by using propaganda. This includes rallies and posters to convince people that they will end unemployment, fix the economy, and agree with people that the Weimar government should be dismantled. The Nazis use Jewish people and the Weimar republic as scapegoats and position themselves as the solution. This makes voting for Nazis self defense. The Nazis do soup kitchens. In the Election of September 1930 the Nazis increase seats from 12 to 107 and gain over 129,000,00 votes from May 1928 to July 1932. They have the most votes so Hitler becomes chancellor on the 30th January 1933. There is Long term resentment of the Weimar Government after treaty (national humiliation and Diktat (dictated peace) lead to territorial loss, war guilt and reparations. Hitler wants to get rid of Weimar Government and Treaty. If there was no great depression then Hitler would not become chancellor because People would not be as desperate so he wouldn’t get as many votes based on his extremist policies like National economic self reliance.

Consequence

The Holocast (also known as the Shoah) was the systematic genocide of Jewish people orchestrated by Nazis. Throughout his time as chancellor, Hitler used Propaganda and laws to force waves of hate onto Jewish People. He started this by doing a nationwide boycott of Jewish shops on the 1st of April 1933. His plan was to make life harder for Jewish people, so that they would leave Germany. The Nuremburg race laws of the 15th September 1935 made this everclear, making Jewish people not German citizens anymore.  Things came to a head when Germany invaded Austria in 1938. On the night of 9th November, across Germany and Austria many hideous acts were committed against Jewish people. This included robberies and public humiliation. This night is known as Kristallnacht (the night of the broken glass). Over time, a new goal was made to deal with Jewish people across Europe. The final solution was to kill all Jewish people in Germany. German occupation authorities established the first ghetto in Poland in Piotrków Trybunalski in October 1939. These were small ‘villages’ crammed with Jewish people who were only let out to work. The conditions were very bad and there was little food. Chełmno was the first extermination camp to be established in December 1941. Its purpose was to murder the Jews of the surrounding area and the Łódź ghetto. The facility contained three gas vans in which victims were murdered by carbon monoxide poisoning. Once dead, the vans were driven to a nearby forest and the victims were buried in mass graves. More concentration camps were built - big facilities that housed many Jewish and other people seen as ‘below’ like Romani. Many were gassed to death while those that could work were allowed to live. Conditions were awful as there was little food and much disease. Over 6 millon Jewish people were killed in the holocaust. 

c1 - what is the shoah

The Holocast (Shoah) = systematic genocide of Jewish people orchestrated by Nazis. Throughout his time as chancellor, Hitler used Propaganda and laws to force waves of hate onto Jewish People.

c2 - History of anti-semitism

Anti-simitism has a long history worldwide. They were blamed for the death of Jesus, and the reason for the black plauge. Nazi ideology (enabled by their seizure of power) shaped the way it was perpetrated and ultimately led to the Holocaust.

c3 Boycott and Nuremburg

He started this by doing a nationwide boycott of Jewish shops on the 1st of April 1933. His plan was to make life harder for Jewish people, so that they would leave Germany. The Nuremburg race laws of the 15th September 1935 made this everclear, making Jewish people not German citizens anymore. 

c4 - Lack of international intervention

The international community, particularly Britain and France, showed a lack of intervention against Hitler's Germany in the due to a policy of appeasement, a desire to avoid another war after World War I, and the economic hardships of the Great Depression. The lack of a strong international response emboldened Hitler, allowing Germany to grow stronger and pursue even more aggressive foreign policies.

c5 Kristallnacht

Things came to a head when Germany invaded Austria in 1938. On the night of 9th November, across Germany and Austria many hideous acts were committed against Jewish people. This included robberies and public humiliation. This night is known as Kristallnacht (the night of the broken glass).

c6 Piotrkow Trybunalski

Over time, a new goal was made to deal with Jewish people across Europe. The final solution was to kill all Jewish people in Germany. German occupation authorities established the first ghetto in Poland in Piotrków Trybunalski in October 1939. These were small ‘villages’ crammed with Jewish people who were only let out to work. The conditions were very bad and there was little food.

c7 Chelmno

The chaos and violence of a continental war provided a pretext for the mass murder and a cover to hide these atrocities from the public. Chełmno was the first extermination camp to be established in December 1941. Its purpose was to murder the Jews of the surrounding area and the Łódź ghetto. The facility contained three gas vans in which victims were murdered by carbon monoxide poisoning. Once dead, the vans were driven to a nearby forest and the victims were buried in mass graves.

c8 concentration camps

More concentration camps were built - big facilities that housed many Jewish and other people seen as ‘below’ like Romani. Many were gassed to death while those that could work were allowed to live. Conditions were awful as there was little food and much disease. Over 6 millon Jewish people were killed in the holocaust. 

Change 1 Poland

The holocaust resulted in change by causing mass migration. After liberation, many Jewish survivors feared to return to their former homes because of the antisemitism (hatred of Jews) that persisted in parts of Europe and the trauma they had suffered. In postwar Poland, for example, there were a number of pogroms (violent anti-Jewish riots). The largest of these occurred in the town of Kielce in 1946 when Polish rioters killed at least 42 Jews and beat many others.

Change 2 Israel

With the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948, Jewish displaced persons and refugees began streaming into the new sovereign state. Possibly as many as 170,000 Jewish displaced persons and refugees had immigrated to Israel by 1953.

Change 3 1.2 Mil

There were in total, 1.2 millon displaced people that remained in Germany after World War Two that resfused to return home, and instead moved elsewhere. This resulted in greater cultural diversity worldwide.

Hack

Dawes is in New York and Germany in July 1930 with desperate people and Propaganda, my goat, who was born in September. He resents Weimar as there was no great depression. The Shoah has a history of anti-semitism. He is friends with Boycott Nuremburg, who had a lack of international intervention in Kristallnacht, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Chelmno, and Concentration camps (KPTCCC). Poland and Israel have 1.2 million displaced.

When was the treaty of versailles signed

28th June 1919

How many votes did the Nazi party get from 1928 to 1932

129,000,00

When was Kristallnacht

9th November 1938