OT Practice Framework: Domain and Process (4th ed.) Notes

A comprehensive set of practice-focused flashcards covering the major concepts from the OT Practice Framework: Domain and Process, 4th edition (areas of occupation, context, performance patterns, performance skills, client factors, and activity demands.

What is the OT Practice Framework Domain and Process (4th ed.)?

A professional document that delineates the unique focus of occupational therapy on occupation and defines the goal of achieving health, well-being, and participation in life through engagement in occupation.

How is occupation defined in the framework?

The everyday activities people do as individuals, in families, and with communities to occupy time and bring meaning and purpose to life; includes things people need, want to, and are expected to do.

What are the Areas of Occupation identified by the framework?

ADLs, IADLs, Rest and Sleep, Education, Health Management, Work, Play, Leisure, and Social Participation.

What are Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)?

Activities oriented toward taking care of one’s own body and completed on a routine basis (e.g., bathing/showering, toileting, dressing, eating/swallowing, feeding, functional mobility, personal hygiene and grooming, sexual activity).

What are Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)?

Activities to support daily life within the home and community (e.g., care of others, care of pets, child rearing, communication management, driving, financial management, home management, meal prep, safety, shopping).

What are Health Management activities?

Activities related to developing, managing, and maintaining health and wellness routines to support participation in other occupations (e.g., health promotion, symptom management, care communication, medication management, physical activity, nutrition management, personal care device management).

What does Rest and Sleep include?

Activities related to obtaining restorative rest and sleep to support engagement in other occupations (rest, sleep preparation, sleep participation).

What does Education include?

Activities needed for learning and participating in the educational environment (formal educational participation; informal personal educational needs or interests exploration; informal personal education participation).

What does Work include?

Labor or exertion related to development, production, delivery, or management of objects or services; benefits may be financial or non-financial (employment interests and pursuits, employment seeking, job performance, retirement preparation, volunteer exploration/participation).

What does Play include?

Activities intrinsically motivated, internally controlled, and freely chosen, may include suspension of reality, exploration, humor, risk-taking, contests, and celebrations (play exploration and play participation).

What does Leisure include?

Non-obligatory activity that is intrinsically motivated and engaged in during discretionary time (leisure exploration, leisure participation).

What is Social Participation?

Activities involving social interaction with others (family, friends, peers, community) that support social interdependence (community participation, family participation, friendships, intimate relationships, peer group participation).

What is Context in OT framework?

The broad construct that encompasses Environmental Factors and Personal Context.

What are Environmental Factors?

Aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal surroundings in which people live and conduct their lives.

What are Personal Factors?

The particular background of a person’s life and living, including features not part of a health condition (e.g., age, gender, race, culture, socioeconomic status, upbringing, habits, education, lifestyle, profession).

What are Environmental Factor categories?

Natural environment and human-made changes; products and technology; supports and relationships; attitudes; services, systems, and policies.

What are Personal Factor examples?

Age; sexual orientation; gender identity; race/ethnicity; cultural identification and attitudes; socioeconomic background and status; upbringing and life experiences; habits and past behaviors; education; lifestyle; profession; other health conditions.

What are Performance Patterns?

Habits, routines, roles, and rituals that may be associated with different lifestyles and used in the process of engaging in occupations.

Define Habits.

Specific automatic behaviors performed repeatedly, relatively automatically, and with little variation; can support or interfere with performance.

Define Routines.

Patterns of behavior that are observable, regular, repetitive, and provide structure for daily life.

Define Roles.

Aspects of identity shaped by culture and context that may be defined by the client and the activities/occupations they engage in.

Define Rituals.

Symbolic actions with spiritual, cultural, or social meaning contributing to the client’s identity and reinforcing values and beliefs.

What are Performance Skills categories?

Motor Skills, Process Skills, and Social Interaction Skills.

What are Body Functions?

Physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions): mental, sensory, neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related, cardiovascular/immune/respiratory, voice/speech, digestive/metabolic/endocrine, genitourinary/reproductive, skin and related structures.

What are Body Structures?

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components; includes nervous system, eyes/ears, voice/speech, cardiovascular/immunological/respiratory systems, digestive/metabolic/endocrine systems, genitourinary/reproductive systems, and movement-related structures.

What are Activity Demands?

What is typically required to carry out the activity regardless of client or context: objects used and their properties; space demands; social demands; sequencing and timing demands; required actions and performance skills; required body functions; required body structures.

What is the WFOT definition of occupation?

The therapeutic use of everyday life occupations with persons, groups, or populations for the purpose of enhancing or enabling participation.