xray production

decreased or stopped

The production of x-rays requires a rapidly moving stream of electrons that are suddenly …..

cathode

The negative electrode is heated

thermionic emission

the electrons are emitted called

attracted

The electrons are …. to the anode, move rapidly toward the positive electrode, and are stopped or decelerated

deceleration

Sudden ….. of electrons creates x-ray and heat energy

xray tube

metal or glass

the kind of envelope the xray tube could be

vacuum

interior of the xray tube

cathode

negatively charge electrode

anode

positively charged electrode

coiled tungsten wire

cathode is made this type of wire

small and large

size of the two coiled wires in the cathode

cathode

space charge effect

when there is cloud of excess electrons coming out of the cathode

focusing cup

focuses the stream of electrons from the filament toward the anode target

anode

rotates

the anode …

stator, rotor

the rotation anode requires a …. and a …. to rotate

tungsten

anode is made of

melting point

tungsten has a high ….

target

decelerates the anode and stops electrons

xrays

energy gets converted to heat and

focal spot

area hit by electrons on the anode

electron bombardment

…. creates very high heat production

heat tolerance

a moving anode surface permits greater

50,000-150,000

xray production is high voltage process with a range of what volts

W=IxV

electrical power expressed in kW

high voltage and low voltage

2 main divisions of the the xray circuit

primary and secondary

high voltage circuits

filament

low voltage circuit

mutual induction and transformer law

transformers used to regulate voltage

step up

transformer that increases voltage and decreases current

step down

transformer that decreases voltage and increases current

autotransformer

controlled by the kVp you select

autotranformer

determines the induced voltage going to the primary side of the high-tension transformer

capacitors

charge storage components and when placed in the circuit with the inverter the stored chargers are released in a sequential fashion that result in a current waveform with a very small voltage fluctuation, known as ripple

diodes

use solid-state, semiconductor materials that permit current flow in only one direction

mutual induction

the process of an electrical current coming into a set of coils on the input side (primary
side) will create an electrical current and voltage in the secondary coil windings, the output side.

circuit

a fixed path that electricity flows through and its purpose is to precisely control the flow and intensity of electrons as they travel through the circuit pathways and components.

rectification

changing alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC)

Resistance

electric friction that inherently impedes the flow of electrons along its pathway.

resistors

regulate the amount of current passing through the cathode filament during exposure and are used to control amperage.

step down transformers

have more core windings on the primary side than on the secondary side and reduce the incoming voltage to a lower value

step up transformers

have fewer core windings on the primary side than on the secondary side and increase the incoming voltage to a higher value

transformer

Regulates voltage in an x-ray system. The ratio of wire windings between the primary and secondary sides determines whether the transformer is a step-up or step-down transformer.