Cephalopods and Annelids Lecture Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cephalopods and annelids, highlighting unique adaptations, behaviors, and biological structures relevant to the lecture.

What is the Indo-Pacific known for in terms of marine diversity?

The Indo-Pacific has massive diversity in cephalopods, fish, corals, and other invertebrates, being the oldest part of the ocean.

How do cephalopods with thicker mantles move?

They rely on muscularity of the mantle for movement, utilizing jet propulsion.

What is the relationship between cephalopods like squid and octopuses in terms of swimming habits?

Squid are constantly swimming in the water column, whereas octopuses and cuttlefish prefer to crawl on the bottom.

How do squid and cuttlefish utilize their body structure?

Squid have long tentacles and arms; cuttlefish have a more pronounced shell structure.

What adaptation do octopuses have regarding their activity patterns?

Most octopuses are nocturnal and less active during the day.

What is the significance of chromatophores in cephalopods?

Chromatophores allow cephalopods to change color and patterns for camouflage.

What unique behavior is exhibited by the coconut octopus?

It carries coconut shells to use as shelter and hides from predators.

What is the difference between dioecious and monoecious organisms in terms of sex?

Dioecious organisms have separate sexes, while monoecious organisms have both male and female reproductive structures.

How do female octopuses care for their young?

Females often guard and care for their eggs, not feeding until the young hatch, after which they typically die.

What role does hydrostatic pressure play in annelids?

Hydrostatic pressure provides structure and assists in locomotion by allowing localized deformations of the body.

What are metamerism and its significance in annelids?

Metamerism refers to the serial repetition of segments which allows for localized control and independent function within body segments.

What is the role of nephridia in annelids?

Nephridia are involved in osmoregulation and the process of urine formation in segmented worms.

What is a clitellum and its function in earthworms?

The clitellum is used in reproduction, facilitating the transfer of sperm and egg production.

Describe the digestive system of annelids.

Annelids have a tube-like digestive system that runs the length of their body, typically segmented into different sections.

In terms of locomotion, how do earthworms move?

Earthworms move by using localized muscle contractions and the hydrostatic skeleton to burrow and crawl.

What kind of color adaptation do cephalopods exhibit for camouflage?

Cephalopods can quickly change color and skin texture, matching their surroundings to avoid predators.