Lecture Notes on Energy and Metabolism

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to energy and metabolism based on the lecture notes.

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.

Glycolysis

The process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate, yielding 2 ATP.

Catabolism

The breakdown of macromolecules into smaller subunits, releasing energy.

Anabolism

The synthesis of macromolecules from smaller subunits, requiring energy input.

Electron Transport Chain

A series of complexes that transfer electrons, leading to ATP generation.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert solar energy into chemical energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

During energy transformations, some energy becomes unavailable as heat, increasing entropy.

Mitochondria

Organelles where most ATP is produced during cellular respiration.

DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol)

A weight loss drug that increases metabolic rate but is extremely dangerous.