Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Northern Ireland created
1922
Republican beliefs
Northern Ireland should be a part of the Republic of Ireland
mainly Catholic
also known as Nationalists (in a political context)
Unionist Beliefs
Northern Ireland should remain a part of the UK
mainly protestants
also known as loyalists
Republican paramilitary groups
IRA - Irish Republican Association
INLA - Irish National Liberation Association
Unionist paramilitary groups
UDA - Ulster Defense Association
UVF - Ulster Volunteer Force
Republican Parties
Sinn Fein (extreme)
SDLP - Social Democratic Labour Party
Unionist Parties
DUP (extreme) - Democratic Unionist Party
UUP - Ulster Unionist Party
background to conflict
1920s-60s
protestants dominate housing and employment, the Catholic minority in NI feel resentment
gerrymandering (deliberate movement of constituency’s border to manipulate election results)meant NI was totally dominated by Protestants - Catholic voices not heard
NI civil rights movement begins to challenge order in
1964
NICRA founded
1967 - organisation formed mainly by Catholic students seeking fair rights, inspired by the US civil rights movement
Stands for Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association
NICRA march in Londonderry
October 1968
The march ended with an RUC (NI police) baton charge, sparking further violence
seen as the beginning of ‘the Troubles’
the Battle of the Bogside dates
12th-14th August, 1969
Battle of the Bogside
rioting began at the end of an Apprentice Boy’s parade (celebrating protestants who fought against James II annually)
violence between Bogside residents (mainly Catholic) and RUC and local unionists
violence lasts 3 days with police unable to enter and break up the riot area
Britain sends army to the Bogside
James Chichester-Clark (NI leader) appeals to Wilson to send troops
This was agreed and Callaghan (foreign secretary) announced ‘Operation Banner’
reaction to British troops at Bogside
at first, troops were welcomed by both communities
however, it became perceived that British troops were protecting Unionism, making them an IRA target
Stormont Gov, offer concessions
14th August 1969 - offer concessions on housing and electoral boundaries to please the Catholics and calm the situation - but this led to rioting from loyalist groups