Chem Chapter 5 Vocab

Reactant

A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a chemical reaction.

Product

A substance formed because of a chemical reaction.

Mole

The SI unit of amount of substance

 Mole ratio

The ratio of the amounts of substances in a chemical reaction

Chemical reaction

The process in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Decomposition

The breakdown of a compound into simpler substances

Single replacement/displacement

A chemical reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound

Double replacement/displacement

A chemical reaction in which the positive and negative ions of two ionic compounds exchange places

Combustion

A chemical reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light

Subscripts

Numbers written to the right and slightly below a chemical symbol, indicating the number of atoms of an element in a compound

Coefficients

Numbers placed in front of chemical formulas in a balanced chemical equation to indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent change itself

Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction

Balanced equation

A chemical equation in which the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation

Group

A column of elements in the periodic table with similar chemical properties

Period

A row of elements in the periodic table

Stoichiometry

The calculation of quantities in chemical reactions based on the balanced equation.