Burkholderia species

Burkholderia species

• Generally non-pathogenic

• found in soil, plants, and water

• motile via polar flagella, except for Burkholderia mallei.

• Aerobic non-spore-forming gram-negative bacilli

Burkholderia cepacia complex

• Grows on MacConkey and Sheep Blood agar

3-4 days

Burkholderia cepacia complex may lose viability on Sheep Blood Agar without transfer in?

smooth, slightly raised colonies

Colony of Burkholderia cepacia complex in Blood Agar

dirt-like odor

odor of Burkholderia cepacia complex in Blood agar

non fluorescing yellow or green pigment

What pigment does Burkholderia cepacia complex produce

MacConkey agar

Burkholderia cepacia complex

• Non-lactose fermenters; colonies may become dark pink to red due to oxidation of lactose after 4-7 days.

• Nonwrinkled colonies

Nonwrinkled colonies

Colonies of Burkholderia cepacia complex in MacConkey agar

lysine decarboxylase

80% stains of Burkholderia cepacia complex is positive with?

BCSA (Burkholderia cepacia selective Agar)

Most effective for isolation in reducing overgrowth while maintaining good recovery of the organism

OFPBL (Oxidative fermentative base polymyxin-B bacitracin-lactose)

• Can isolate Burkholderia cepacia from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis

• Uses bacitracin as added selective agent and lactose fermentation to differentiate isolates

• Burkholderia cepacia are lactose fermenters and appears yellow

green

Nonlactose fermenters on OFPBL (Oxidative fermentative base polymyxin-B bacitracin-lactose) appears what color?

PC AGAR (Pseudomonas cepacian agar)

• Contains crystal violet, bile salts, polymyxin B, and ticarcillin to inhibit gram-positive and rapid growing gram negative organisms

• positive isolates break down pyruvate creating alkaline pH turning the medium yellow to pink.

• crystal violet

• bile salts

• polymyxin B

• ticarcillin

PC agar contains what that helps in inhibiting gram-positive and rapid growing gram-negativeorganisms?

Burkholderia mallei

• Glanders

• Affecting horses, mules, and donkeys

• Rare in humans but can produce severe local suppurative or acute pulmonary infections

• Considered as a bioterrorism agent

False

True or False: Burkholderia mallei is motile

Burkholderia mallei

• Variable oxidase production

• Grows on MacConkey agar

• Glucose oxidizer

• Reduces nitrates to nitrites

• ADH positive

Burkholderia pseudomallei

• Causes Melioidosis / Whitmore's Disease

• Found in water and muddy soils, common in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia.

Melioidosis / Whitmore's Disease

aggressive granulomatous pulmonary disease caused by ingestion, inhalation, or inoculation of the organism through direct contact with contaminated soil and surface waters with metastatic abscess in lungs and other viscera.

• Granulomatous pulmonary disease

• Local infections like orbital cellulitis and dacryocystitis

• Pneumonia

• Overwhelming septicemia

Disease and/ or infections associated with Burkholderia pseudomallei

Pneumonia

What is the most common presentation of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Ashdown Medium

Selective medium of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Wrinkled colonies

Colonies of Burkholderia pseudomallei on agar

Ashdown medium

• Supplemented with colistin

• Contains crystal violet and gentamicin as selective agents to suppress the growth of contaminating organisms

Bipolar staining

What is the stain of Burkholderia mallei on when gram stained?

Colistin

Ashdown medium is supplemented with?

deep pink colonies

Colonies of Burkholderia pseudomallei on Ashdown medium

Burkholderia gladioli

• Plant pathogen

• Isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).

48-72 hours

Burkholderia gladioli produces a yellow pigment after how many hours of incubation

catalase, urease, and mannitol

Burkholderia gladioli is positive for?

MacConkey agar

Burkholderia gladioli grows on what agar?

1-2 polar flagella

Burkholderia gladioli is motile via?

Oxidase, decarboxylase

Burkholderia gladioli is negative with?