Earth Science, Astronomy and Physics

condensation

Planets of the solar system

except detection of alien electromagnetic signals

Exoplanet

Meteoroids

Craters of the Moon

Moon

Does not rotate and revolves westward.

Earth's rotation

Rising of the Moon in the east and its setting in the west

Two weeks

Time between new and full moons

Waxing gibbous

After the first quarter

6 P.M.

First-quarter is overhead

Full

Lunar eclipse

Darkening of the light, minimum of three bodies, can be total, partial, or annular

Eclipse

Except rotation of the Earth

Eclipses

west to east

Total eclipse of the Sun.

The differential gravitational attraction of the Moon

Two daily high tides

Near the times of full and new moons

Spring tides

Neap tide

Least variation

Venus

No moon

Mars

Most moons

Four

Galilean moons

Ganymede

Largest moon

Uranus

Five major medium-sized moons

Titan

Second-largest moon

lo, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto

Four Galilean moons

Titan

Huygens

Ceres

Dwarf planet has no moons

Charon

As the rotation period of its parent planet

Not between the Earth and Mars

Asteroids

Can't be observed on entering the solar system.

Comets

Stony objects, smaller than a kilometer, same as meteors and meteorites

Meteoroids

Ecliptic

Path of Sun

Declination

North or south of the celestial equator

Corona

Sun's structure

Cooler than the surrounding material.

Sunspots

Only in the core

Fusion of hydrogen

Photosphere

We see in visible light

Gravitational Force

Keeps the all-stars from flying apart

Red

Cool star

Red Giant Star

Sun runs out of hydrogen

Dark Nebula

Horsehead Nebula

Earth

White dwarf same diameter

Mass

Ultimate fate

Light cannot escape them

Black holes

4%

Normal ordinary matter

The redshift of light from distant galaxies.

Universe is expanding

Remnants of the explosion

Cosmic background radiation

Stratosphere

Ozone layer

Carbon dioxide

Photosynthesis depletion

The greenhouse effect

Regulates the Earth's average temperature

50%

Insolation reaches Earth's surface

A psychrometer

Humidity

Anemometer

Wind speed

Sea Breeze

Wind during the day

Clockwise

Anticyclone in the Northern Hemisphere

Land breeze, air currents, sea breeze

Convection cycles

Supercooled

Temperature of the air is below the dew point without precipitation

cP

Cold weather

cP

Cold and dry

Cold front occlusion

Cold front advancing under a warm front

A high-pressure air mass

Subsidence temperature inversion

Incomplete Combustion

Major source of air pollution

20

Plates on Earth

Crust and part of the upper mantle.

Lithosphere

Mantle

Between the crust and the core

Similarities in fossils, continuity of Geologic structures, ancient glaciation

Continental drift

Plates Tictonic

Primary cause of volcanoes

Except reverse

Plate boundary

Radioactive decay in the Earth's mantle

Lithospheric plate movement

Subduction

Islands arcs

Except from the outer core

Earthquakes

Except reverse-slip

Mountain-building mechanism

Naturally occurring, definite chemical composition, crystalline

Mineral

Talc

Softest

Hardness

Mohs scale

Except pyroclastic

Rocks

Interrelationships

Rock cycle

Texture

Igneous

Rate at which the molten rock cooled

Grain size of an igneous rock

Except sandstone

Igneous rock

Bodies of intrusive igneous rocks

Plutons

Intrusive igneous

Dikes

Stratovolcano

Layered, composite cone

Uplifted by powerful forces

Sedimentary end up in highland

Coal

Organic

Lithification

Sediment into sedimentary rock

Marble

Metamorphosis of limestone

Metamorphic, igneous, sedimentary

Metamorphism

Gradation

Transporting of material to lower places

Oxidation

Not a type of mechanical disintegration

Temperature

Rate of weathering of rock depend

Streams, Glaciers, waves

Agents that cause erosion

Constant

The total amount of water on the Earth

3%

Fresh water on earth surface

Hydrologic cycle

Continuous circulation of the Earth's water

Rate of water extraction is greater than the rate of recharge

Depleted Aquifers

Irrelevant in geologic time.

Not true about Fossils

Paleontology

Fossils

Replacement

Petrified wood

Original horizontality

Horizontal layers

Supernova

Elements heavier than iron

Periods

Eras next divided