AP human geography unit 3.5-3.7

Imperialism

The dominance of one political community over another political community. The weaker political community is influenced to serve the dominants powers and interests.

Colonialism

Process of using military force to conquer and settle another territory whether it is occupied or unoccupied 

Neocolonialism 

This term has emerged in recent years because imperialism can be pursued through the assertion of political , economic and cultural influence .

Pidgin language 

An extremely simplified , limited non-native language used by two people that speak two different languages 

Creole Language

A pidgin language that develops into a new combined language with native speakers. Frequently developed through settings of colonization or slavery

Lingua Franca

A common language used by speakers of two different languages for communication, usually for business trade commerce or in popular culture

Dialects

Variation in accent grammar , usage and spelling and develop out of geographic distance or isolation 

ofifical language

Used by government of a country for laws reports signs , public objects money stamps

Friction of Distance

As a cultural traits diffuses the people who adopt it might alter it example game telephone things change over distance and time

Globalization

is the trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world without regard to borders or barriers.

Time-space compression/convergence

The shrinking of the world due to improvements in communication and transportation technologies

Cultural convergence

Process of two or more cultures coming into contact with each other and adopting each others traits to become more alike

ex world sports , pop , McDonald's , language

What causes extinction of languages and cultures 

Genocide pressure of globalization and cultural convergence , laws against use of indigenous languages 

Cultural Divergence

Cultures become LESS alike due to both cultural and physical barriers , ex Amish culture

Language family

the largest group of language base of tree representing all languages that came from a single ancestor

Language branch 

A major division within a language family 

Language Group

Sub groups within a branch that share an even closer common ancestor

Individual languages

individual languages at end of branches ex Spanish English french