Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and horns

What are the names of the turbinates?

dorsal turbinate

ventral turbinate

ethmoturbinate (most caudal)

what are the spaces between the turbinates called?

Meatus

What does the cribiform plate connect and what goes through it?

Brain and nasal cavity

olfactory nerves

what are the paranasal sinuses? (hint: there are 2)

Frontal sinus

Maxillary sinus

Where does the frontal sinus lie?

Within frontal bone

Where does the frontal sinus connect with in all domestic species? what species is the exception?

The frontal sinus communicates directly with the Nasal cavity.

Horse

what is the difference btw normal dog and brachycephalic dogs in terms of frontal sinus?

Brachycephalic dogs have reduced/absent frontal sinus.

Where do horns arise from?

Cornual process of frontal bone

Biggest nerve in horn? what cranial nerve is it from?

Cornual nerve. opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

Where is the cornual nerve located?

Under temporal line

In horse, where does the frontal sinus drain?

into maxillary sinus

What is the difference between maxillary sinus in horse vs dog and cat?

Horse: small communication with nasal cavity

Dog and cat: wide communication w/ nasal cavity