Cell Biology Review

Flashcards based on cell biology lecture notes.

Name the seven basic functions integral to survival for all living things.

Metabolism, Reproduction, Sensitivity, Homeostasis, Excretion, Nutrition, Growth/Movement

What are the three components of the cell theory?

1. The cell is the smallest unit of life

2. all living things are composed of cells

3. cells only arise from pre-existing cells.

What four basic features do all cells share?

Membrane, cytosol, genetic material, ribosomes

Name four examples of atypical cells.

1. Striated muscle fibres

2. aseptate fungal hyphae

3. sieve tube elements

4. red blood cells

What units are cells and their components typically measured in?

Micrometres (µm) and nanometres (nm)

What are the key differences between light microscopy and electron microscopy?

Light microscopy uses lenses to bend light and view living specimens in natural color, while electron microscopy uses electromagnets and views dead specimens in monochrome.

What's the difference between transmission and scanning electron microscopes?

Transmission electron microscopes generate a cross-section, while scanning electron microscopes render a 3D surface map.

What does immunofluorescence microscopy involve?

Using antibodies conjugated to fluorescent probes to target a cellular component.

What is cryogenic electron microscopy?

Freezing biological specimens prior to visualization with an electron microscope.

How do you calculate magnification?

Magnification = Image size ÷ Actual size