Naming Compounds

polyatomic ions

ions that consist of 2 or more atoms joined by covalent bonds

oxoanions

polyatomic ions containing oxygen and one or more other elements

hydroxide and acetate

polyatomic ions that contain oxygen but aren’t considered oxoanions

CO₃^2-

Carbonate

HCO₃^-

Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate

CH₃COO^-

Acetate

CN^-

Cyanide

SCN^-

Thiocyanate

ClO^-

Hypochlorite

ClO₂^-

Chlorite

ClO₃^-

Chlorate

ClO₄^-

Perchlorate

CrO₄^2-

Chromate

Cr₂O₇^2-

Dichromate

MnO₄^-

Permanganate

N₃^-

Azide

NH₄⁺

Ammonium

NO₂^-

Nitrite

NO₃^-

Nitrate

OH^-

Hydroxide

O₂^2-

Peroxide

PO₄^3-

Phosphate

HPO₄^2-

Hydrogen phosphate

H₂PO₄^-

Dihydrogen phosphate

S₂^2-

Disulfide

SO₃^2-

Sulfite

SO₄^2-

Sulfate

HSO₃^-

Hydrogen sulfite or bisulfite

HSO₄^-

Hydrogen sulfate or bisulfate

HClO

Hypochlorous acid

HClO₂

Chlorous acid

HClO₃

Chloric acid

HClO₄

Perchloric acid

mono-

one

di-

two

tri-

three

tetra-

four

penta-

five

hexa-

six

hepta-

seven

octa-

eight

nona-

nine

deca-

ten

name of element

first element in binary molecular compound

name of element with ending changed to -ide

second element in binary molecular compound

do not write mono-

first element has only 1

name of cation

first element in binary ionic compound

name of anion with ending changed to -ide

second element in binary ionic compound

not used

prefixes in binary ionic compounds

transition metals

cations that can have many different charges

written in roman numerals in parenthesis

charge of transition metal in binary ionic compounds

binary acids

acids that contain hydrogen and one other non-metal element

add hydro- to the name of the second element

prefix for binary acids

replace the last syllable with -ic in the second element

suffix for binary acids

(aq)

required indicator to differentiate binary acids from molecules

oxoacid

compound of H⁺ bonded to an oxoanion

same as the oxoanion

prefixes in oxoacids

anion ends in -ic

suffix for oxoacids with oxoanions that end in -ate

anion ends in -ous

suffix for oxoacids with oxoanions that end in -ite

acid

last word in every oxoacid and binary acid