Hemodynamic Monitoring and Catheterization

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to hemodynamic monitoring and invasive catheter techniques based on provided lecture notes.

Hemodynamic Monitoring

The use of invasive and non-invasive methods to assess cardiovascular status and fluid dynamics in patients.

Transducer

A device that converts physiologic signals received from catheters into electrical signals for monitoring.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

A condition where antibodies form against heparin, leading to low platelet counts.

Midaxillary Axis

A physical reference point on the side of the chest used for leveling the transducer during monitoring.

Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure

A measurement obtained to assess left atrial pressure and pulmonary circulation status.

Map (Mean Arterial Pressure)

A calculation used to assess perfusion, calculated as (Diastolic x 2 + Systolic) / 3.

Pulse Pressure

The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Allen Test

A test to assess collateral circulation by compressing the radial and ulnar arteries.

Central Venous Pressure (CVP)

A measurement reflecting right ventricular end-diastolic pressure; normal range is 2-5 mmHg.

Ejection Fraction

The percentage of blood pumped out of the ventricles with each heartbeat; normal is around 70%.

Afterload

The pressure the ventricle must generate to eject blood; influenced by systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance.

Frank-Starling Law

The principle that the force of ventricular contraction is related to the volume of blood filling the ventricles.

Damped Waveform

A situation in hemodynamic monitoring where the pressure reading is inaccurately represented due to issues such as kinks or bubbles in the catheter system.

Pulsus Alternans

A clinical sign characterized by alternating weak and strong heartbeats.

Trandelenburg Position

A position where the patient is laid flat on their back with legs elevated, often used for central line insertion.