Signs, Symptoms and Diseases in the Integumentary System

scale

Flake of dried Epidermis (Psoriasis/dandruff)

Bulla

Large Fluid-filled elevation (blisters)

Versicle

small clear fluid-filled elevation

Macula

Flat discolored lesion (freckle/age spot)

Papule

small, solid, raised lesion (wart)

Crust

Dried Exudate > fluid from tissue (impetigo)

Tumor

Solid Mass can extend into the epidermis

Polyp

Stalk-like growth from Mucous membrane

Pustule

small raised area of skin containing Pus (type of pimple)

Ulcer

Erosion of skin (canker sores)

Wheal

red, itchy, fluid containing papule (hives)

Cyst

thick-walled sac containing fluid (sebaceous cyst)

Fissure

Split or crack in skin (anal fissure)

Alopecia

loss of hair

Dermatitis

any inflammation of the skin (contact Dermatitis)

Cellulitis

inflammation of Connective Tissue (most commonly due to bacterial infection)

Acne Vulgaris

common type of acne. Sebaceous glans produce excessive oil which blocks pores. Bacteria builds up in oil.

Furuncle

Abscess of the hair follicle or sebaceous oil gland (Boil)

Herpes Simplex

Viral infection. No cure. (cold sore, STD, chicken pox)

onychomycosis

fungal infection of the nail

Tinea

Fungus (ringworm)

Tinea Corporis

Ringworm, fungal infection of the body

Tinea Capitis

ringworm, fungal infection of the scalp

Tinea Cruis

Ringworm, fungal infection of the groin (jock itch)

Tinea Pedis

Ringworm, fungal infection of the foot (athletes foot)

Vitiligo

Autoimmune disease that stops melanocytes from functioning

Gangrene

Death of tissue (necrosis). Appears black and can spread. (Tx: Amputation)

Decubitus Ulcer

skin btw hard places for too long causes compromised blood supply. Epidermis/dermis breakdown and bone can be exposed (bedsore)

Eczema

Inflammation of the epidermis. Prutis=itchy, no cure

common Triad

Asthma

Hay fever (Allergic rhinitis)

Eczema

Psoriasis

Normal skin cells grow too fast. Appears as white scales that cannot be shed). No cure

Basal cell carcinoma

least malignant and most common skin cancer

curable 99% of the time

squamous cell carcinoma

2nd most common cancer. Primary cause UV ray exposure

Melanoma

most aggressive/fast growing

least common

often fetal

Actinic Keratoses

precancerous skin growths

due to sun exposure

pink/red scaly

can lead to squamous cell carcinoma

Red flags of malignancy

Asymmetrical sides

Border has indentations

Color is black/brown/tan

Diameter larger than 6mm

Elevation