Greek War of Independence

1453

Ottomans capture Constantinople, Greece become part of Ottoman Empire

1453-1820

Greeks attempt many revolutions due to social, cultural, religious, and ethnic divides between them and the Turks

Klephts and Armatoloi

Pro-Greeks, pro-Ottomans, both 'land pirates'

Diafotismos

Young Greeks spread Enlightenment ideas and Greek literature, art, etc. to increase education rates and Greek national identity, 'Greek Renaissance'

Philhellenism

Romanticization of Greek history, culture, etc. by Europeans that led them to support the Greeks and oppose the Ottomans

Filiki Eteria

"Society of Friends", secret society, wanted a revival of the Byzantine Empire, planned the rebellion

1820

Alexander Ypsilantis is selected to lead the Filiki Eteria

1821

Ypsilantis and forces enter Danubians, rebellion is not successful, he's captured by the Austrians

Areopagus (Central) formed

George Canning appointed Britain's Foreign Minister

Peloponnese

Southern peninsula of Greece, most war success, National Assembly

Crete

Wartime success until MAP/Ibrahim invades, conquers, and controls

Fire ships

Greeks light ships on fire to destroy enemy ships

1822

National Assembly (Peloponnese) formed

1824

MAP enters the conflict

1826

Battle(s) for Mani, Egyptians/OE always lose with heavy losses

1827

First Treaty of London, ultimatum

Battle of Navarino, last significant battle between wooden sailing ships

1828

Battle of Petra, last major engagement of war, first win for unified Greek forces (under Demetrius Ypsilantis)

Beginning of Russo-Turkish War

1829

End of Russo-Turkish War, Russia wins and gains territory from OE

1830

Second Treaty of London, borders and reject king

1832

London Convention, independent Greece, indemnity to OE, King Otto from Bavaria