Leonardo da Vinci - Full Study Guide
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101 Terms
1. trend towards naturalism
2. ordered organization of space
3. linear perspective
4. classical models and motifs
5. dignity of the individual
Five Great Achievements of the Renaissance
Apollo Belvedere, Belvedere Torso, and Laocoon
What three ancient works influenced the Renaissance, primarily in anatomy?
Conturbatio, Cogitatio, Interrogatio, Humilitatio, and Meritatio
What are the Five Laudable Conditions of the Virgin?
disquiet and surprise (of the Virgin from Gabriel's arrival)
What does Conturbatio show?
reflection and consideration
What does Cogitatio show?
interrogation and questioning
What does Interrogatio show?
humility, submission, and acceptance
What does Humilitatio show?
merit, joy, and Christ finally conceived (usually shows Mary by herself)
What does Meritatio show?
Duke of Milan
Who is Ludovico Sforza?
Wife of Sforza
Who is Beatrice?
Features Anne, Mary, and Christ, meaning "Anne in the third place"
What is an Anna Metterza, and what does it mean?
human passion and emotion conveyed physically
What does affetti mean?
hazy, misty effect in painting made by very thin layers of oil paint
What is sfumato?
Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory
Who are the 4 Doctors of the Church?
wooden center of an altarpiece
What is an ancona?
disdain and detachment expressionally, "above it all"
What does sprezza tura mean?
main perpetrator for the Pazzi Conspiracy meant to overthrow the Medicis, killing Giuliano and injuring Lorenzo; was hanged after trial
Who was Bernardo Baroncelli?
Daughter of banker friend of Leonardo
Who was Ginevra de'Benci?
Daughter of wealthy Sienese family, mistress of Sforza and lover until his wife (Beatrice) came of age
Who was Cecilia Gallerani?
Statesman of Florence and commissioner of the frescoes for the Palazzo Vecchio assembly hall
Who was Piero Soderini?
Ancient Roman architect who wrote on how architecture should mirror the human body and wrote the proportions of the "ideal man"
Who was Vitruvius?
Verrocchio's Baptism of Christ
Title?
c. 1470
Date?
Drapery for a Seated Figure
Title?
1470
Date?
Annunciation
Title?
c. 1472 - 1475
Date?
San Bartolomeo a Monteoliveto
What church was this commissioned for?
Cogitatio
What state is Mary in for this Annunciation piece?
Ginevra de'Benci
Title?
c. 1474
Date?
Amerigo Benci or Bernardo Bembo
Commissioner?
hands
What did this painting originally have before being cut down?
juniper
What is the symbol of Ginevra?
emblem featuring a sprig of laurel and palm leaf encasing a juniper twig, along with inscription "beauty adorns virtue"
What is featured on the back of this painting?
Study of Hands
Title?
1474
Date?
Ginevra de'Benci
Whose portrait was this likely a study for?
Madonna of the Carnation
Title?
c. 1476
Date?
her purity and immaculateness
What does the mirror emblem and crystal vase symbolize in this painting?
love and God (dianthus)
What does the red carnation symbolize?
Benois Madonna
Title?
c. 1478
Date?
The column above Christ's head was reminiscent of his flagellation, perhaps too disrespectful to include
Why is the window in this painting unfinished?
Hanging of Bernardo Baroncelli
Title?
1479
Date?
Adoration of the Magi
Title?
c. 1481
Date?
San Donato Monastery
Commissioner?
study of facial and body expression, affetti
What does this painting depict, seemingly more than an adoration scene?
Left figure is older and pondering, like Masaccio, and the right figure is a dainty young man in armor, like Donatello's St. George
Who are the flanking figures reminiscent of?
St. Jerome
Title?
c. 1482
Date?
The Vulgate
What did St. Jerome write?
Virgin of the Rocks (Louvre)
Title?
1483 - 1486
Date?
Brotherhood of the Immaculate Conception
Commissioner?
Uriel is pointing, there are no halos, and message is harsh and convoluted
What makes this work different from its later counterpart?
The Depredis brothers
Who worked on the Virgin of the Rocks paintings with da Vinci?
Virgin of the Rocks (London)
Title?
1491 - 1508
Date?
Brotherhood of Immaculate Conception
Commissioner?
Uriel is not pointing, John now has a staff to make him more recognizable, and everyone is given halos
What makes this painting different to its earlier counterpart?
Cecilia Gallerani
Title?
c. 1483 - 1489
Date?
Ludovico Sforza (Duke of Milan)
Commissioner?
Purity, and also serves as symbol of Sforza, as he was known as the "Italian Moor White Irmin"
What does the irmin symbolize in this painting?
Cecilia Gallerani
Who continuously had possession of this painting?
Vitruvian Man
Title?
c. 1490
Date?
the divine
What does the circle represent?
the earthly and real
What does the square represent?
Last Supper
Title?
1495 - 1498
Date?
Sforza for Santa Maria delle Grazie
Commissioner and church?
the church's prior
Who did Leonardo joke about making the face of Judas in this piece?
Madonna and Child and St. Anne (Burlington Cartoon)
Title?
c. 1499 - 1501
Date?
French King of Brittany, whose wife's name was Anne
Commissioner?
The Burlington Cartoon (shot) and the Mona Lisa (stolen and thrown objects at)
Which two works were both targeted by attacks?
Battle of Anghiari
Title?
c. 1503 - 1505
Date?
Piero Soderini, for the Palazzo Vecchio's grand council hall
Commissioner?
La Gioconda (Mona Lisa)
Title?
c. 1503 - 1505
Date?
Madonna, meaning "my lady"
What is "mona" a contraction of?
columnettes
What is missing from this piece, other than her eyebrows?
Madonna and Child and St. Anne
Title?
c. 1508
Date?
St. John the Baptist
Title?
1513 - 1516
Date?
camel skin
What is he wearing in this painting?
St. John the Baptist
Title?
1513 - 1516
Date?
His staff turns more into thyrsus (long stick with pinecone) and has ivy wreath in hair, changed in the 17th century
What was modified in this painting, and when?
1452
When was Leonardo born?
1519
When did Leonardo die?
Amboise
Where was Leonardo's remains transferred?
Château du Clos Luce
Where did Leonardo reside in last before his death?
Note 
Flashcards (53)