Campbell University CHRS Bashaw Exam 3

What was Jamnia?

The place where Pharisaic Judaism was restructured

What were the Jewish Roots that Christianity kept in their practices?

OT, worship, and baptism

Persecution under Nero

54-68 AD, Persecuted Christians in Rome, and Peter and Paul executed

Persecution under Domitian

81-96 AD, demanded emperor worship, Revelation persecution

Persecution under Trajan

98-117 AD, influenced by a letter from Pliny the Younger,

Accusations made by pagans against Christians?

Believed Christians were cannibals, Christians practiced incest

Who was Ignatius of Loyola?

Bishop and martyr that died under the reign of Trajan in 108.

Who was Polycarp?

The first recorded Martyr in Post NT Church History. 69-135 AD

Who was Perpetua?

Mother who was killed off in Roman Colesium, gave whole new meaning to defiance, showed strength in persecution

What were the Differing Expressions of Christianity in the early centuries?

Gnosticism, Judaizers, Marcionism.

What were the ways the Church safeguarded Christianity?

Through Canons, Creeds and Episcopal.

Constantine's Impact on Christianity

Made Christianity the official Roman Religion in 324 AD. Held the Edict of Milan, which ended the persecuation of Christians, and the Edict of Nicea, Nicaen Creed

Eremetical and Cenobitic monasticism

Two monastic groups that resisted the Roman Empire

Arius and Heteroousias

Believed that Jesus was "of a different substance" than the LORD

The Theological decision made at the Edict of Nicea/Milan?

Decided that Jesus truly was divine and human, the actual Son of God

What is the importance of Augustine?

He wrote "Confessions" and "City of God"

What were the contributions of Jerome?

He translated the Bible into Latin, making "the Vulgate"

Year of the Great Schism?

1054 CE

What was Clovis' importance?

Clovis was the barbarian king of the Franks, transforms Gaul into France. Converts because of battle and his wife Clotilda, Turns France Catholic

Differences between Eastern and Western Christianity

Central language for Westerners was Latin; Greek for Easterners. (W) Precision in theology, (E) precision in philosophy and speculative theology. (W) Emphasized sin, (E) emphasized lost divinity. (W) Focused on the cross, (E) focused on the resurrection & mystery. (W) accepts "Filioque"; (E) does not. (W) Church dominated the state; (E) State dominated the Church

Examples of power in the Papacy

Gregory VII controled King Henry IV. Urban II proclaimed the 1st Crusade. Innocent III "vicar of Christ" Boniface wrote Unum Sanctrum.

Who started the First Crusade, and when?

Pope Urban II, in 1095.

Who wrote Summa Theologica?

Thomas Aquinas

What did Wycliff believe about the Bible?

Believed the teaching of the Church was contrary to the teaching of the Bible. Inspired Lollard's English Bible

Who were the Lollards?

Followers of Wycliff that helped produce dozens of

When was the 95 Theses posted?

October 31st, 1517

Objections Luther had against the Catholic Church

Protested the selling of indulgences and the corruption of the clergy, the sacraments as a means of salvation, priests being forced into celibacy, and scripture in Latin alone (wanted German)

Importance of John Calvin

Wrote "Institutions of the Christian Religion", established a Theocracy in Geneva, Switz. Influenced British/American Puritanism

What are the convictions of the Anabaptists?

Separation of Church and State, faith membership, believer's baptism.

Why did Henry VII start a new church?

Because he needed an heir to the throne and the Roman Catholic Church

What is Ignatius of Loyola known for?

Founding the Jesuits

Belief of Deists

Rejected miracles, the Trinity, Jesus' divinity, and biblical inspiration

Puritans in Massachusetts

Come to America to flee Europe, embrace Calvinism and become Puritans

What did John Smyth start?

The Baptist Church

Arminianism and its founder

A form of Christianity that counters Calvinism, founded by Jacob Arminius

What happened at the Synod of Dort?

The synod gathered to determine whether the opinions of Arminius should be dealt with or not

Phillip Jacob Spencer

Lutheran who came to believe that all Lutheran churches in Germany were in need of a evangelical awakening.

Moravians and Count Nicolaus von Zinzendorf

Count Nicolaus von Zinzendorf founded the Moravian Bretheren

John Wesley's religious experiences and legacy

Believed there was more to Christianity than just practicing the disciplines of the religion. Preached the importance of a personal conversion experience in England. Founded Methodism.

Results of the First Great Awakening

Lead to new converts in America, produced dozens of denominations, underlined the importance of "voluntary" religion, prepared careers in the religious ministry, and revivalism became an important factor in American Christianity

Famous Sermon from Jonathan Edwards?

"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

Characteristics of Liberalism and Fundamentalism

Liberalism attempted to reassess Christianity through the lens of modernity. Fundamentalists believed there were 5 truths which couldn't be argued: The virgin birth of Christ, verbal inspiration in bible, Jesus' resurrection, the 2nd coming of Christ, and the satisfaction theory of the Atonement.

What was the Social Gospel movement and its impact?

A movement sparked by Christian inspiration to fight for the poor people living in and during America's industrial revolution. Social Gospel movement brought out many social reforms of the economic and political sectors of society.