CHAPTER 10: THE JACKSONIAN ERA (1828-1840)

Andrew Jackson was born into a wealthy aristocratic family. (T/F)

(False)

Jackson was the first U.S. president from Tennessee. (T/F)

(True)

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was signed into law by Andrew Jackson. (T/F)

(True)

The Spoils System was a practice of appointing government positions based on merit rather than political loyalty. (T/F)

(False)

The Trail of Tears refers to the forced relocation of the Cherokee people. (T/F)

(True)

Jackson supported the Second Bank of the United States and worked to expand its power. (T/F)

(False)

The Panic of 1837 occurred due to Jackson's economic policies, including the destruction of the national bank. (T/F)

(True)

The Tariff of Abominations (1828) was largely opposed by the Southern states. (T/F)

(True)

The Nullification Crisis was resolved by Jackson threatening military force against Georgia. (T/F)

(False - It was South Carolina.)

The Whig Party was formed in direct opposition to Andrew Jackson's policies. (T/F)

(True)

The Specie Circular required that land purchases be made with gold or silver instead of paper money. (T/F)

(True)

Worcester v. Georgia ruled in favor of Jackson's Indian removal policies. (T/F)

(False - The ruling favored the Cherokee, but Jackson ignored it.)

Jackson was the first president to use the veto power extensively. (T/F)

(True)

William Henry Harrison won the 1840 election but served only one month before dying in office. (T/F)

(True)

The "Kitchen Cabinet" referred to Jackson's group of informal advisors. (T/F)

(True)

What was Andrew Jackson's nickname?

Old Hickory

What major accomplishment did Jackson achieve regarding the national debt?

He paid off the federal debt, the only president to do so.

What was the Spoils System?

A practice where Jackson replaced government officials with his political supporters.

What did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 do?

It authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes to lands west of the Mississippi River.

What was the Trail of Tears?

The forced migration of the Cherokee people to Indian Territory, resulting in thousands of deaths.

Who was the president of the Second Bank of the United States?

Nicholas Biddle

Why did Jackson oppose the Second Bank of the United States?

He believed it was corrupt and favored the wealthy elite.

What economic crisis followed Jackson's presidency in 1837?

The Panic of 1837

What was the Nullification Crisis?

A conflict where South Carolina tried to nullify federal tariffs, threatening secession.

Who was Jackson's Vice President who later supported nullification?

John C. Calhoun

What act did Jackson issue to require land purchases to be made in gold or silver?

The Specie Circular

Which Native American tribe used the legal system to fight removal policies?

The Cherokee

What Supreme Court case ruled that Georgia could not enforce laws on Cherokee land?

Worcester v. Georgia

What did Jackson famously say in response to the Worcester v. Georgia ruling?

"John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it."

What party was formed in opposition to Jackson's policies?

The Whig Party

What famous slogan was used in the 1840 election?

"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too"

Who won the presidential election of 1836?

Martin Van Buren

What was the main cause of the Panic of 1837?

The collapse of state banks due to Jackson's economic policies.

What was the Tariff of Abominations?

A high tariff that angered the Southern states and led to the Nullification Crisis.

What was the Kitchen Cabinet?

Jackson's informal group of advisors.

What military event helped Jackson gain national fame?

The Battle of New Orleans (War of 1812)

What was Jackson's stance on the national bank?

He strongly opposed it and worked to dismantle it.

What state threatened to secede during the Nullification Crisis?

South Carolina

What act reduced the tariffs and helped end the Nullification Crisis?

The Compromise Tariff of 1833

Who was known as the "Great Compromiser" for resolving the Nullification Crisis?

Henry Clay

What was the result of the 1840 election?

William Henry Harrison defeated Martin Van Buren.

What was a major belief of Jacksonian Democracy?

Expanding political power to the common man.

What was Jackson's background before becoming president?

He was a lawyer, military general, and congressman.

How did Jackson respond to the idea of nullification?

He opposed it and threatened to use military force to enforce federal laws.

What was the Petticoat Affair?

A scandal involving the wives of Jackson's cabinet members, leading to resignations.

What was the significance of the election of 1828?

It marked a shift toward greater participation of common voters.

Why did the Whigs oppose Jackson?

They believed he acted like a king by overusing his executive power.

How did Jackson's policies affect Native Americans?

They led to forced relocation and the loss of Native lands.

What lasting impact did Jacksonian Democracy have on U.S. politics?

It expanded suffrage to more white men and emphasized popular participation in government.

How did Jackson justify his veto of the Second Bank of the United States?

He argued that it was unconstitutional, favored the wealthy, and harmed the common people.