Chapter 37: Soils and Plant Nutrition

These flashcards cover the essential terms and concepts related to soils and plant nutrition as discussed in Chapter 37.

Macronutrients

Nutrients required in larger quantities by plants, such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K).

Micronutrients

Nutrients required in smaller quantities by plants, including elements like Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and Manganese (Mn).

Soil Composition

Soil is made up of organic matter (5%), inorganic matter (45%), water (25%), and air (25%).

O Horizon

The organic layer of soil, primarily consisting of litter and decomposing organic material.

Soil Texture

The composition of soil based on the percentages of different sized particles like sand, silt, and clay.

Pore Spaces

Spaces in the soil filled with air and water, essential for gas exchange and root growth.

Mycorrhizae

The symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots, enhancing nutrient absorption.

Nitrogen Fixation

The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into forms usable by plants, mainly NO3- or NH4+.

Erosion Control

Techniques like windbreaks, terracing, and contour plowing used to prevent soil erosion.

Eutrophication

The process where water bodies become nutrient-rich, often due to over-fertilization, leading to algal blooms.