411 midterm 2 self made

dermatomes for face

trigeminal CNV

dermatomes region for upper arm

cervical

dermatomes region for front leg and side

lumbar

dermatomes region for back of leg/feet

sacral

dermatome for thigh

L2

dermatome for knee

L3

dermatome for medial lower leg

L4

dermatome for lateral lower leg

L5

dermatome for lateral delts

C5

dermatome for upper half of lower arm

C6

dermatome for hand

C6-8

dermatome for lower arm and elbow

T1

dermatome landmarks for nips

T4

dermatome landmarks for umbilicus/belly button

T10

dermatome landmarks for back of knee/achillies

S1

ascending pathway: posterior column-medial lemniscus function

vibration, proprioception, light touch

ascending pathway: antero-lateral function

pain, temp, crude touch

Posterior column medial lemniscus decussates at

internal arcurate fibers- lower medulla

Antero lateral decussates at, which sensory neuron 1-3?

anterior commissure- SC ramps 2-3 segments, second order

Antero lateral primary sensory neuron synapse? wherer

ipsilat, dorsal horn grey matter on 2nd order nuclei

Antero lat second order sensory neuron decussates where and asxends in what matter

anterior commissure, antero-lateral white matter

antero lat second order sensory neurons synapses on what

third order sensory neurons in thalamus

antero lat 3rd order sensory neurons project to ?

somatosensory cortex

Antero lat somatotopic organization? legs is

lateral

antero lat somatopic organization? arms is

medial

antero lat somatopic organization? lat-medial

leg, trunk, arm, neck

antero lat what is the area for pain modulation called? located wherer

peri aqueductal grey area in the midbrain

antero lateral pathway has 3 tracts

spino-thalamic, spino-reticular, spino-mesencephalic

antero-lat tract spino reticular pathway

ascend SC, reticular formation in the medulla and midbrain

pathway for upper body PC-MLprimary sensory neurons travel in

fasciculus cuneatus

pathway for lower body PC-MLprimary sensory neurons travel in

fasciculus gracilis

pcml somatotopic organization of legs is FG

medial

pcml somatotopic organization of arms is FC

lateral

PCML axons in fasiculus gracilis. cuneatus synapse on what where

nucleus gracilis, nucleus cuneatus

caudal medulla

PCML primary sensory neuron

bificates, ascending axons enter post column

PCML second order sensory neurons do what where

decussate, caudal medulla, synapse in thalamus

PCML second order sensory neurons tract called

medial-lemniscus

PCML third order sensory neuroms from what to wherer

thalamus to seomatosensory cortex

thalamus is responsible for

major relay center sensory inputs, cerebellar and basal ganglia, cortico inputs,

the somato sensory cortex is where

postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe, posterior to the central sulcus.and primary motor cortex

somatosensory cortex added thing in homunculus 2

back of head after trunk more medial, tongue most lateral

neative sxs of somatosensory lesions pcml 5

loss of postions, vibe, discrimatory/light touch, astereognosis/steroagnosia, sensory ataxia

loss of discrimatory touch means what is preserved

crude touch

what does astereognosis mean what is smth should note

inability to recog obj by touch

non pcml specific due to many components, sensory info reception, processing, intact language area- may mean parietal damage

sensory ataxia is 3 parts

no proprioception/touch so must rely on vision, unsteady balance, gait, coord, worse wo vision

Tabetic gait aka(2)

Ataxic gait or high steppage gait

Tabetic gait 3 parts

High steppage gait-

Foot flapping-heel first slap down dbl tap

Unsteady wo vision - cross over

tabetic gaits tested called? and result of what cord syndrome

romberg sign, post cord syndrome

PCML if damage to primary sensory neuron sxs

loss of deep tendon reflexes- hyporeflexia, cuz at sc lvl

if above sc intact

spino-thalamic Antero lat negative sxs of somatosensory lesions 3

loss of pain and temp, reduced touch sense-crude

positive sxs 2 categories

paresthesia/dysesthesia, hyperpathia/ allodynia

hyperpathia is

excessive pain sensation, burn, sear, sharp

allodynia is

pain to non normally painful stim, burn, sear, sharp

paresthesia

abnormal sensation non painful- tinglins, numb, tight

pos sxs related to pcml pathway is

paresthesia(dysesthesia)

positive sxs related to Anter lat pathway is

hyperpathia/ allodynia

primary sensory neuron sxs (nuclei or nerve root) result in

radicular pain, numb, ting thru dermatome

trigeminal nerve inputs pathway is

CNV>trigeminal ganglion-primary sensory neuron>back to BS and SC 2nd order trigeminal nucleus>midbrain?

cheif trigeminal nucleus modality is

fine touch

chief trigeminal nucleus main pathway to thalamus

trigeminal lemniscus and ventral posterior medial nucleus

where is the chief trigeminla nucleus

rostral pons

where is the spinal trigeminal nucleus

caudal medulla rostral SC

spinal trigeminal nucleus modality

crude touch, pain, temp

spinal trigeminal nucleus main pathway to thalamus

trigeminothalamic tract

CNV primary sensory neurons synapse on what side, decussate wherer, 3rd order go wherer?

ipsil, 2nd order cross asap BS thalamus, then to facial region of ssc

if there is damage to the cnV/cell bodies/axons sxs on what side?

ipsil

if damage to facial somatosensory cortex/thalamus sxs what side?

contra

loss of sensation L face and entire R body where is lesion?

L lateral pons- trigeminal ipsil and A-L at pons

complete loss Rside face and R side body where is lesion?

contra side of sxs thalamus - converse face and body from contra lat side- sensory only

transverse cord lesion means

damage of entire cord at lvl both sides

transverse cord lesion MOTOR sxs? what lvl? where

LMN at lvl and bilat, UMN below bilat

transvse cord lesion sensory sxs where?

post colm-pcml, Dorsal horn, ant commissure.

At lvl and below bilat

transverse cord lesion sxs

loss vibe, position, pain, temp,motor

causes of transverse cord lesion 3

trauma, tumor, MS

central cord lesion small affects where? sensory sxs

ant commisure at lvl crosses 1-2 seg below , sxs 1 dermatome below bilat

central cord syndrome sxs

loss of pain and temp

causes of central cord syndrome 3

syringomyelia, tumor, MS

posterior cord syndrome can spread to dorsal horn a-l sxs?

loss of vib and position may also ..

posterior cord syndrome sxs ? lvl?

below and possible at lvl bilat, full body?

causes of posterior cord syndrome 5

trauma, tumor, MS, vita B12 deficient, tabes dorsalis

anterior cord syndrome motorsxs?

LMN at lvl bilat, UMN below lvl bilat

anterior cord syndromesensory sxs where?

a-l path, pain , temp crude touch, ant comisure- dermatomes 1 seg below crossing, and all below

anterior cord syndrome sxs

pain and temp, motor

ccauses of anterior cord syndrome 4

trauma, tumor, MS, infarct

hemicord lesion/brown sequard syndrome sxs

pain, temp, contra 1 lvl below, motor- ipsil

causes hemicord lesion 3

penetrating trauma, compression from tumor, MS

hemicord lesion motor sxs? where

LMN at lvl ipsil, UMN below ipsil

hemicord lesion sxs post colm/dorsal horn where ?

at lvl and below ipsil

loss propr and light touch

1st order adn 2nd hemicord lesion what lvl and where?

at lvl and 1 below ipsil

hemicord lesion A-L sxs wherere

2 seg and below contra

herpes zoster aka

shingles

herpes zoster virus and where is it

chicken pox dormant in dorsal root ganglion(sensory)

herpes zoster sxs neg and pos?

hyperpathia/allodynia, paresthesias along 1 dermatomes-sensory nerve

pain, temp, cude touch

tabes dorsalis related to what

prolonged syphilis

tabes dorsalis is? what region

slow degen of (dorsal colm), roots, gangia typically lumbar

tabes dorsalis sxs, pos and neg 5

loss proprioceptive, vibe, touch bilat (below degen) parasthesias, allodynia

tabetic gait

tabes dorsalis treatment

penicilin

mononeuropathy focal eg

carpal tunnel syndrome

neuropathy is what

nerve disorder

poly neuropathy general eg 4

diabetes, overdoes pyridoxine b6, ganglionpathies, polyneuritis