KIA Basic information

A fixed pulley can:

✔Only change the direction of pull

Only change the force necessary to move a weight

Change either the direction of pull or the force necessary to move a weight, or both

Must change both the direction of pull and the force necessary to move a weight

A sagittal plane is a plane that divides the body into:

Superior and inferior portions

Anterior and posterior portions

Medial and lateral portions

✔Left and right portions

A vertical axis is an axis that passes through the body from:

✔Superior to inferior

Anterior to posterior

Medial to lateral

Right to left

A seesaw is a:

✔First-class lever system

Second-class lever system

Third-class lever system

Lever system dependent upon the weight of the people on the seesaw

Osteokinematic movements define:

✔Movement of limb segments

Movement of joint surfaces

Gliding movements

Traction effects

The class of a lever is defined by the relationship of:

Axis, resistance, direction of movement

Resistance, force, type of muscle contraction

✔Axis, resistance, force

Axis, direction of movement, type of muscle contraction

Application of a torsion force to a bone would attempt to make the bone:

Lengthen

Shorten

Bend

✔Twist

As a muscle contracts, the type of muscle contraction being performed is defined as changes in the:

Diameter of the muscle

✔Length of the muscle

Force generated by the muscle

Glycolytic composition of the muscle

The anatomical position defines the:

Starting position for arthrokinematic movements

✔Starting position for osteokinematic movements

Orientation of the head, neck, trunk, and limb segments to cardinal planes

Orientation of the head, neck, trunk, and limb segments to axes of motion

Kinesiology is the:

Portion of physics that describes mechanics

Portion of physics that describes forces

Study of biomechanics

✔Study of human movement

When a person is walking or running, the force that causes joint compression when the foot hits the ground is a:

Tensile force

Shear force

✔Ground reaction force

Compression force

Ligaments function to resist:

Tensile force

When the configuration of a lever is resistance (R) > force (F) > axis (A) the lever is a:

Third-class lever

When testing the cruciate ligaments of the knee, the therapist applies a:

Anterior/posterior shear force at the knee

For a second-class lever the:

Force arm (FA) is always greater than the resistance arm (RA)

When a muscle contracts concentrically to move a weight, and then eccentrically to control movement created by the weight, the movements represent a:

Second-class lever system becoming a third-class lever system

When in the anatomical position, flexion/extension of the thumb occur within a:

Frontal plane about a sagittal axis of motion

To visualize the movements of forearm pronation/supination, the patient is positioned so that the movements occur within a:

Frontal plane about a sagittal axis of motion

When a single moveable pulley exists in a pulley system, to lift a 30-pound weight, a patient must exert a force of:

15 pounds

When a single moveable pulley exists in a pulley system with a weight to be lifted, the patient must pull the rope that lifts the weight:

Twice the distance that the weight is to be moved

Observation of posture should be performed from:

4 views

A scoliotic curve is best viewed from a(n):

Posterior view

When a compensatory curve exists, a patient with a right thoracic scoliosis would most likely also present with:

Left lumbar scoliosis

The clinical term for a nonpathological curve of the lumbar spine is:

Lordotic

When a compensatory curve exists, a patient with a thoracic kyphosis would most likely also present with a(n):

Increased cervical lordosis

When a patient stands on only the right lower extremity, the right gluteus medius is the muscle most likely to limit the combination of:

Left lateral pelvic tilt and right lateral pelvic shift

The position of a plumbline, when posture is observed from a lateral view, should pass:

Through the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae

A posture of increased posterior pelvic tilt can be improved by simultaneous concentric contraction of the:

Lumbar extensors and hip flexors

The nonpathological orientation of the pelvis from a lateral view is with the:

Anterior superior iliac spines and pubic symphysis within the same frontal plane

A patient's center of gravity is the point at which the patient's mass is located in the:

Anterior/posterior and medial/lateral dimensions

When a patient is standing with relaxed posture, the feet are expected to be:

4 inches apart at the heels and 6 inches apart at the forefeet

The position of a plumbline, when posture is observed from a lateral view, should pass:

Slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus

When a quiet standing posture is observed from an anterior view, the boundaries of the base of support are the:

Outside of one foot to the outside of the other foot

When a patient stands on only the left lower extremity, the therapist would expect to see a combination of:

Left lateral pelvic shift and right lateral pelvic tilt

Anterior postural sway consists of two phases, forward movement from upright and then backward movement returning to upright. During anterior postural sway this sequence of movements is controlled by a sequence of muscle contractions that is:

Eccentric plantar flexor and then concentric plantar flexor muscles

When observing a patient with a knee flexion contracture of the right knee, the therapist would expect to see a(n):

Right lateral pelvic tilt

The position of a plumbline, when posture is observed from a lateral view, should pass:

Directly through the acromion process

When observing a patient in a posture of upper trunk rotation to the left, the therapist would also expect to see:

Head and neck rotation to the right

The sequence of postural observation is to start at the:

Foot and move superiorly

When observing a patient in a posture of trunk lateral flexion to the right, the therapist would also expect to see head and neck

Lateral flexion to the left

The bony landmark represented by “A” is used to palpate which movements of the scapula?

Depression, Elevation

The bony landmark represented by “B” is used to palpate which movements of the scapula?

Downward rotation, Protraction, Retraction, Upward rotation

The bony landmark represented by “C” is used to palpate which movements of the scapula?

Depression, Downward rotation, Elevation, Upward rotation

The bony landmark represented by “D” is used to palpate which movements of the scapula?

Downward rotation, Protraction, Retraction, Upward rotation