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Pacifism
opposition to all war
Nuclear Deterrence
the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from war using as he can be destroyed as a consequence due to nuclear weapons
Just War Theory
theory that war is justified under certain circumstances
What is restorative justice?
Punishment designed to repair the damage done to the victim and community by an offender's criminal act
What is the goal of restorative justice?
To repair the harm caused to the victim and community by an offender's criminal act
Criteria for just war
must be last resort, lawfully declared by government, cause and proper intention, reasonable chance of success
Causes of war
defend an ally, defensive response, gain freedom from occupying force.
Repent
Admit wrongdoing and show remorse
forgiveness
conscious decision not to feel resentment
Chemical weapons
weapons that contain chemical elements, such as chlorine gas and mustard gas
Biological weapons
weapons which contain viruses and bacteria to cause sickness and death
Nuclear weapons
Most dangerous weapons like bombs and missiles , damage lasting for weeks, months or years
Human cost of war
Military, civilians, child soldiers, asylum seekers and refugees
economic cost of war
Inflation, national debt, unemployment, tourism
levels of pacifism
absolute, conditional, selective
Absolute pacifism
Believe war is always wrong and never justifiable. Human life is so precious
Conditional pacifism
against the idea of war in general but accepts there may be extreme circumstances where it is the better alternative
Selective pacifism
only opposes wars involving weapons of mass destruction
Amnesty International
Human rights movement which campaigns for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. believes death penalty is never the answer
deterrence
putting people off committing crimes
Protection
to protect society
Reform/ rehabilitation
improve or change the nature of a criminal so they can be a law abiding member of society
Vindication
proof that something is right or justified, like upholding laws
retribution
revenge on criminal
repayment
making amends for wrongdoing
restorative justice
problem solving approach including the offender, victim and community
IVF
in vitro fertilisation
IUI
intrauterine insemination
Traditional surrogacy
husbands or partners sperm used to fertilise surrogates eggs
Gestational surrogacy
surrogate mother is pregnant with a baby she is not genetically related to
active euthanasia
directly and deliberately causing a patients death
passive euthanasia
withdrawing or withholding medical treatment to deliberately allow a patient to die
voluntary euthanasia
carried out at the request of the patient who dies
non-voluntary euthanasia
person cannot make a decision so someone makes the decision on their behalf
involuntary euthanasia
person wants to live but is killed anyway
palliative care
medical, emotional or spiritual care given to a person who is terminally ill, aimed at reducing suffering
Living will
a document that sets out a patients wishes n how they want to be treated if they become seriously ill and cannot make their own choices
organisation supporting euthanasia
Dignity in Dying
Pro-life group
precious life
Pro choice group
Marie Stopes International
chastity
To abstain from sexual relations
celibacy
abstain marriage and sexual relations
reasons for celibacy
religious, death of a partner, still looking
marriage
legal binding between a man and a woman
benefits of marriage
social, emotional, financial
Organisations for marriage guidance and counselling services
Relate NI and Accord
Divorce
civil procedure which legally recognises that there is no longer a marriage between a couple
types of family
nuclear, co-habiting couple, same-sex couple, extended or multi-family, lone-parent,blended
nuclear family
husband and wife living with their children
cohabiting couple
unmarried couple and children living together
same-sex couple family
a gay couple either 2 men or 2 women and children living together
extended or multi-fami;y
parents and children as well as other relatives all living together
lone-parent family
family made up of one parent and children
blended family
a married couple and their children from previous marriages
abortion
the intentional destruction of a foetus to end pregnancy
prejudice
a negative attitude towards a group of people, based on an unreasonable opinion
discrimination
negative action towards a group of people because of prejudice.
stereotyping
assumption that a person shares all the characteristics of a group of which they are assumed to belong to
reasons for prejudice
ignorance, scapegoating, influences, media , experience
poverty types
relative and absolute
absolute poverty
severe deprivation of basic human needs
relative poverty
not being able to maintain the average standard of life
characteristics of poverty
debt, low income, high costs , disability, lack of education
characteristics and causes of global poverty
weather, illness and disease, population growth, war, corruption
types of aid
emergency and short term and long term
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