AICE PE 1.2 Functions of Muslces

Agonists

muscles that actively contract to create a specific movement at a joint

What are agonists usually called and why?

Prime Movers, they are primarily responsible for initiating and producing a particular movement

How does the agonist muscle move?

contracts and shortens, generating force to overcome resistance and cause the desired action.

Antagonist

muscles that oppose the action of agonists

Fixators

muscles that stabilize the origin of the agonist muscle to allow effective movement of the joint

Elbow movements

flexion and extension

Shoulder movements

horizontal extension and abduction

Radio Ulnar movement

pronation

wrist movement

extension

Hip movements

extension and adduction

knee movements

flexion and extension

ankle movements

dorsi flexion and plantar flexion

elbow flexion (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

biceps brachii, tricep brachii, teres minor

elbow extension (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

tricep brachii, biceps brachii, deltoid

shoulder horizontal extension (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

posterior deltoid, pectoralis major, trapezius

shoulder abduction (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

medial deltoid, latissimus dorsi, supraspinatus

radio ulnar pronation (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

pronator teres, supinator, pronatoer quadrus

wrist extension (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

wrist extensors, wrist flexors, biceps brachii

hip extension (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

gluteus maximus, adductor longus, rectus abdominis

hip adduction (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

adductor longus, gluteus medius and minimus, gluteus medius

knee flexion (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

iliopsoas, rectus femoris, quadriceps femoris

knee extension (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

rectus femoris, iliopsoas, gluteus maximus

ankle dorsi flexion (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, quadriceps femoris

ankle plantar flexion (agonist, antagonist, fixator)

gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, quadriceps femoris