SAS 3 INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY

Intellectual revolutions

• can be defined as the historical changes in the thoughts, beliefs, and social institutions due to new ideas and principles

Copernican Revolution

• 1473 - 1543

• Heliocentric model of the universe: place the Sun at the center of the Solar system

• Met huge resistance from church, which led the the prohibition of reding De Revolutionibus

• was soon accepted by other scientist ( Galileo Galilei )

• was then capped off by Isaac Newton

Darwinian revolution

• 1809 - 1882

• The Theory of evolution

• Natural selection

• in the case of biology and evolution, nature may be described as a lawful system that can be explained through scientific thought

The theory of evolution

• all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase individuals’ ability to compete, survive, and reproduce

Natural Selection

• evolutionary process by which organisms inherit, develop, and adapt traits that favored survival and reproduction

Freudian Revolution

• (1856-1939)

• Psychoanalytic Theory:

• Proposed Id, Superego, and ego

• humans are pleasure seeker

• was accepted to address the psychological fixations

paradigm shifts

Intellectual revolutions can be considered as _____, resulting from a renewed and enlightened understanding of how the universe behaves

Nicolaus Copernicus

• Proposed the heliocentric system

• Earth orbits the Sun

• Birth of modern astronomy

• Sparked the scientific revolution

Charles Darwin

• Developed theory of evolution

• Based on natural selection

• Species adapt to survive

• Included humans in evolution

Sigmund Freud

• Founder of psychoanalysis

• Explained human behavior

• Childhood affects adulthood

• Studied the human mind

Psychoanalysis

• which means a scientific

  way to study the human mind and neurotic

  illness.