Birmingham up to de-industrialisation

studied byStudied by 3 people
0.0(0)
Get a hint
Hint

1951 population

1 / 21

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

22 Terms

1

1951 population

1.1 million

New cards
2

Industrial Revolution

-gun, jewellery, button and brass industries dominated

-Cadbury family set up Bournville factory and model village for workers

-Lloyd and Midlands banks set up mid 19th century

-lay at heart of the national canal network

-London to bham railway opened 1838

New cards
3

Vehicle industry growth examples

-Austin car plant in Longbridge

-Dunlop tyre company

New cards
4

When did the Austin car plant open?

1906

New cards
5

When did the Dunlop tyre company open?

1917

New cards
6

How many people did the Dunlop company employ by the 1950s?

10,000

New cards
7

Chemical industry example

Bakelite

New cards
8

Why did B’ham survive the Great Depression (inter-war years) relatively well?

-diverse metal-working industries

-continuos population growth- natural and immigration from rural areas and British Isles eg Ireland

New cards
9

Employment in Bham conurbation early 1950s

knowt flashcard image
New cards
10

Demographics up until 1950s

-mostly white

-employment dominated by males- 60% had skilled jobs eg precision engineers

New cards
11

Unemployment in 1950s

Below 1%- below UK avg (~2%)

New cards
12

1982 unemployment

19.4% (UK avg 13%)

New cards
13

Earnings change de-ind

Fell from highest in Uk to almost lowest of any region

New cards
14

Share of knowledge intensive jobs 1951 vs 2013

2.5% vs 12%

New cards
15

Metal manufacturing % of jobs 1951 vs 1981 vs 2013

22% vs 12% vs >5%

New cards
16

Players in de-ind

-Arab-Israeli war 6th-25th oct 1973

-recession- oil crisis 1973

-car industry moving elsewhere- particularly Japan

-frequent strikes

-houses destroyed

New cards
17

Arab-Israeli war

-6th-25th oct 1973

-many western nations supported Israel

-OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries) was dominated by Arab countries and they responded to the Western threat by using oil as a weapon

-embargo on oil supplies increased oil price by about tenfold- $3 a barrel to $12 a barrel

New cards
18

Car manufacturing

-TNCS- cheaper abroad

-Japanese (Nissan, Toyota) seen as more reliable, better value and more fuel efficient

-some overseas car manufacturers set up in UK (no tariffs unlike other EU countries) but not West Midlands —> govt grants favoured places even worse off

New cards
19

Strikes

-less attractive to potential investors

-British Leland

New cards
20

Housing

-city council cleared slums- ‘comprehensive redevelopment programme’. Destroyed lots of SMEs (small and medium enterprises) in the process- new premises unaffordable

New cards
21

Housing change

-in WW2 5000 houses destroyed. 110k houses considered sub-standard

-400 tower blocks built in 50s and 60s replaced slums. Total of 81k new homes built 1945-70

-redistributes the population- housing built on rural-urban fringe (slums in centre)

-new towns set up eg Redditch

-economy became service based + lots of commuters

-green belt set up to stop urban sprawl- areas like Solihull good transport, v expensive

New cards
22

Demographic change

-lots of migration from Caribbean, South Asia and Far East after WW2. Low skilled jobs eg taxi drivers

-built env- Birmingham Central Mosque, money transfer services for remittances, Balti Triangle- Indian restaurants, fabrics

-youthful popu- 38% of popu 24 or younger (national avg 31%)

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 23 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 110 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 142 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 30 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 35 people
... ago
5.0(1)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (81)
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (71)
studied byStudied by 93 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (57)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
4.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (37)
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (41)
studied byStudied by 52 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (25)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (30)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (60)
studied byStudied by 11 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot