BIO Unit 5 notes

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10 Terms

1
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Variation

Differences in the genetics of organisms of the same species.

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Selection pressure

Varying survival or reproductive ability of different organisms in a breeding population due to the influence of the environment.

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Evolution

The cumulative change of heritable characteristics of a population.

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Artificial selection

The breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits.

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Homologous structures

Similar structures due to common ancestry.

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Pentadactyl limb

Having limbs that end in five digits.

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Continuous variation

Variation in a species, which is controlled by several genes producing features that cannot be divided into discrete categories (ex: human height).

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Adaptive radiation

The diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches.

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Vestigial structure

A structure in an organism that has lost all or most of its original function in the course of evolution, such as human appendices.

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Species

A group of individuals of common ancestry that closely resemble each other and are normally capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring.

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