Photosynthesis, Biomass, & Cellular Respiration
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28 Terms
Source of plant dry mass
Carbon atoms from CO₂ in the air.
Why sunlight does not add mass to plants
Sunlight provides energy, not matter. Energy is not converted into mass in chemical reactions.
Why soil contributes little to plant dry mass
Soil provides trace minerals, but most biomass carbon comes from atmospheric CO₂.
Source of O₂ released in photosynthesis
From water (H₂O), not CO₂.
Source of carbon atoms in glucose
CO₂ from the atmosphere.
Source of hydrogen atoms in glucose
Water (H₂O).
Energy pathway to glucose
Sunlight → excited electrons → ATP/NADPH → Calvin cycle → glucose chemical bonds.
Main purpose of light reactions
Convert light energy into ATP and NADPH.
Location of light reactions
Thylakoid membrane of chloroplast.
Inputs of light reactions
Light, H₂O, ADP + Pi, NADP⁺.
Outputs of light reactions
ATP, NADPH, O₂.
Are sugars made in light reactions?
No.
Main purpose of Calvin cycle
Use ATP and NADPH to fix CO₂ into sugar.
Location of Calvin cycle
Stroma of chloroplast.
Inputs of Calvin cycle
CO₂, ATP, NADPH.
Outputs of Calvin cycle
G3P (sugar), ADP + Pi, NADP⁺.
Does Calvin cycle require light directly?
No, but it depends on ATP and NADPH from light reactions.
Why Calvin cycle stops in darkness
ATP and NADPH become depleted.
Do plants perform cellular respiration?
Yes, continuously (day and night).
Why plants need mitochondria
To perform cellular respiration and produce ATP.
Why photorespiration is inefficient
RuBisCo binds O₂ instead of CO₂, consuming ATP without producing sugar.
Why photorespiration occurs
RuBisCo cannot perfectly distinguish CO₂ from O₂.
Condition with most biomass in radish experiment
Water + light.
Why plants lose mass without light
Cellular respiration continues but photosynthesis stops.
Source of mass increase in growing plants
CO₂ from the air.
Why air has mass
It contains molecules like CO₂ and O₂.
Photosynthesis equation concept
CO₂ + H₂O + light → glucose + O₂.
Cellular respiration equation concept
Glucose + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP.
