Finals - National Training Service Program

• Harms both people and the environment.

• Health effects include: eye and throat irritation, breathing problems, aggravated asthma, heart attacks, cancer, and weakened immunity. Children, the elderly, and those with lung/heart disease are most vulnerable.

Air Pollution

Damages forests, soils, waters, and buildings.

Acid Rain

Excess nutrients cause algal blooms, fish kills, and reduced biodiversity.

Eutrophication

Reduces visibility due to fine particles.

Haze

Toxic pollutants cause reproductive problems, diseases, and bioaccumulation.

Harm to Wildlife

increased UV exposure leads to skin cancer, cataracts, crop damage.

Ozone Depletion

Ozone and acid rain reduce plant growth.

Crop / Forest damage

Greenhouse gases trap heat, increasing global temperature.

Climate Change

Food production heavily affects the environment through climate impacts, acid rain, eutrophication, and resource use (land, water, energy).

Food Consumption & Waste

Overconsumption leads to:

• Ecological overshoot.

• Depleted biodiversity.

• Resource depletion and pollution.

Food waste causes:

• Economic losses.

• Wasted labor, water, energy, and land.

• Greenhouse gas emissions from landfills

Reducing food waste lowers:

Carbon footprint and conserves resources.

Urbanization causes:

• Air and water pollution.

• Habitat destruction.

• Urban runoff carrying toxins.

• Noise pollution and congestion.

• Spread of diseases due to close contact between humans and animals.

Can worsen pollution and resource depletion if unsustainably used.

Technology

Resources are renewable or non-renewable. Humans consume this faster than they regenerate, leading to consequences.

Natural Resources

Consequences

• Habitat loss and species extinction.

• Soil degradation → higher food prices.

• Reduced air quality and increased illnesses.

Solutions include:

• Conserving natural capital.

• Restoring ecosystems.

• Expanding protected areas.

• Reducing waste.

• Sustainable resource management.

• Promoting renewable energy.

Waste can be liquid or solid, hazardous or non-hazardous. Improper disposal leads to air, land, and water pollution.

Waste Disposal

Hazardous waste include:

• Toxic, reactive, corrosive, infectious, radioactive materials.

• E-waste with heavy metals (lead, cadmium) damaging health and ecosystems.