Psychosocial Final Material

what are the components of the R.E.S.P.E.C.T model?

what are the components of the R.E.S.P.E.C.T model?

-Rapport

-Empathy

-Support

-Partnership

-Explanations

-Cultural Competence

-Trust

a systematic review looked at the relationships between treatment errors and biases. what did they find?

71.4% studies showed a relationship between health care providers cognitive biases and therapeutic/management errors

what does the APTA core value say about biases?

“recognize and refrain from acting on one’s social, cultural, gender, and sexual biases”

what is implicit bias?

a bias towards a social category that we are not aware we have

what is explicit bias?

positive or negative bias of a social category that we recognize and express to others

what is more common; implicit or explicit bias?

implicit

what are the components of SEEDS of bias?

-Similarity

-Expedience

-Experience

-Distance

-Safety

“people like me are better than others” is an example of what bias of SEEDS?

similarity

“if it feels right, it must be true” is an example of what bias of SEEDS?

expedience

“my perceptions are accurate” is an example of what bias of SEEDS?

experience

“closer is better than distant” is an example of what bias of SEEDS?

distant

“physician who are risk avoidment” is an example of what bias of SEEDS?

safety

what are the two type of mitigation strategies?

-cognitive

-behavioral

what should you do to understand and respect the influence of unconscious bias?

self-evaluate on why you have this bias

what is perspective taking?

imagine yourself in your patient’s shoes to understand

what is counter stereotype imaging?

think about examples that contradict stereotypes

what is individuation?

every patient is a person, so use 1st person language.

what is partnership building?

PT and pt should work together to set goals

what is stereotype replacement?

control your speech and behavior to offset implicit stereotyping.

ex: use “weight” rather than “obesity”

T/F: if you don’t develop a rapport with a patient you will not have their trust

TRUE

who experiences more mental stress?

-patients who are disabled

-patients who are in poverty

-patients who are limited to healthcare access

what are the six cognitive factors?

-catastrophizing

-self-esteem

-self-efficacy

-acceptance

-spirituality

-trust in gouvernement and HC providers

what is catastrophizing?

maladaptive and irrational negative of future events

what is self-esteem?

evaluation of self-worth

T/F: it is easy to measure self-esteem

FALSE, hard

what is self-efficacy?

confidence on capability to perform/complete a specific task

what is acceptance?

allowing thoughts and feelings that are unwanted

what is spirituality?

belief in a higher power

what are the 5 emotional factors?

-stress

-anxiety

-depression

-fear

-anger

can person have high positive emotions at the same time as low negative emotions?

YESSSSS

what is stress?

emotional response to a stressor that may be present, expected, or remembered

what is anxiety?

emotional response to uncertainty or internal conflict

what type of emotional factor is associated with he feeling of nervousness and worry?

anxiety

does stress lead to anxiety or anxiety lead to stress?

stress leads to anxiety

what is fear

emotional response to a perceived threat

T/F: emotions relate to cognition, behavior, and psychological response

true

what is depression

feelings of sadness and hopelessness the can impair concentration, fatigue, and withdrawal from certain behaviors

what is anger?

an appraisal of wrongdoing with a tendency to undo that wrongdoing

what are the four components of social support?

-emotional

-informational

-appraisal

-instrumental

what is emotional support?

provision of caring, empathy, love, and trust

what is instrumental support?

provide tangible goods and services to patient and family

what is informational support?

provide information for problem solving

what is appraisal support?

provide information for self-evaluation

what is normative beliefs?

perceptions of approval/disapproval by significant others

which component of social support would normative beliefs best fit?

appraisal support

what is stigma?

disapproval of a personal characteristic that is directed towards people who are believed to have lower social standing

what is stereotypes?

learned beliefs about “them” subgroups that are positive, neutral, or negative

what is prejudice?

negative feelings about “them” subgroups

what is discrimination?

legal term for putting a “them” subgroup at a disadvantage or treating “them” unfairly

what is emotion-focused coping?

attempts to reduce the negative emotions that result from stress

what is problem-focused coping?

attempts to eliminate the stressor itself

what is approach coping?

attending to the stressor

what is avoidant coping?

ignores or distracts oneself away from the stressor

what is active coping?

trying to recognize the stress and control it

what is passive coping?

giving up and letting the stressor control the person

what model is cognitive behavioral therapy based on?

cognitive behavioral model

what 3 things does the clinical prediction rules look at?

-presence or absence of a condition

-determining pt’s prognosis

-match pt’s with optimal treatments

what does OARS stand for?

Open-ended questions

affirmation

reflective listening

summarizing

what are SMART goals?

specific

measurable

attainable

realistic

time limited