English Final Review w/ examples

Parenthetical Citations

Quotations, Parenthesis, Period
" "( ).

How to site Hamlet

""(Act.Scene. Line).

Cite: Act 3, Scene 2, Lines 90-91
They are coming to the play. I must be idle.
Get you a place.

"They are coming to the play. I must be idle./Get you a place" (3.2. 90-91).

How to site webpages

Author's Last Name (Rowling).
or
Webpage title in quotes ""("The Inside Story").

How to cite novels

Last Name + Page Number ""(Wiesel 95).

Assonance

Repetition of vowel sounds within words

"The kind knight rides by"

Assonance example

Consonance

Repetition of consonant sounds at the end of words

Quatrain

4 lines

"Mike likes his new bike"

Consonance example

Couplet

2 Lines

Penta

Five (A line has five "feet")

iamb

Two beats, or one foot

Alliteration

Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words

"Clary closed her clustered clothes in her closet"

Alliteration Example

Simile

Comparing one thing to another using "like" or "as"

"Light as a Feather"

Simile example

Metaphor

Nonliteral comparison between two things

Something is something else

Not using "like" or "as"

"Heart of Gold"

Metaphor example

Personification

Giving humanlike characteristics to a nonhuman item

"The flowers danced in the wind"

personification example

Onomotopoiea

A words that imitates a sound it is describing

"Boom, Bam, Zap, Honk"

Onomotopoiea example

Ceasura

A pause or break in a line of poetry

Epithet

Adjectives that point out special traits of people or things,
Compound adjective,
Usually contains a dash

"Hell-forged" or "Strong-hearted"

Epithet example

Kenning

A descriptive phrase or compound word that replaces a noun

"Sin-stained demon" or " The almighty's enemy"

Kenning example

What is a tragedy in literature?

A serious play with a universal theme.

How does a tragedy typically end?

Often ends in catastrophe, most often death.

What does the hero of a tragedy deal with?

The most misfortune.

What is Comic Relief?

A humorous scene, incident, or speech

What does Comic Relief do to emotional intensity?

Relieves the overall emotional intensity

How does Comic Relief help the audience?

Helps the audience understand earlier events in the play and what is to come

Allusion

A brief refence, within a work, to something outside the work that the reader or audience is expected to know

What did Shakespeare often reference (allusion) in his writing

Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology, the Bible

What is a tragic flaw?

A weakness or limitation of character.

What personal characteristics can be considered a tragic flaw?

Pride, greed, and rage.

What does a tragic flaw usually lead to?

The downfall of the tragic hero.

Soliloquy

Character delivers a long speech ALONE on stage
Can not be heard by other characters

Aside

Words spoken by a character directly to the audience
Not heard by other characters

Format of Petrarchan Sonnets

Abbaabba

Format of Spenserian Sonnets

abab bcbc cdcd ee

Underline (Handwriting) or Italicize (Typing)

Longer pieces,
Purchased as a whole

Quotations

Shorter pieces
Part of something that can be purchased as a whole

What type of Sonnet?
My love's spirit's gentle like a breeze that
blows cool o'er this my brow, most hot, feverish.
I am made calm by her presence like at
times when discontent doth make one peevish.

Spenserian Sonnet

What type of Sonnet?
Earth has not any thing to show more fair:
Dull would he be of soul who could pass by
A sight so touching in its majesty:
This City now doth, like a garment, wear

Petrarchan Sonnet

Novels, plays, movies, sculptures, CDs, TV series, encyclopedia, magazine, newspaper, pamphlet

Underlined/Italicize

Poem, short story, song, essay, commercial, specific episodes, chapter, article, newspaper story

Quotations