Maternal Newborn Vitals

Flashcards on Maternal Newborn Vitals

Normal respiratory rate for a newborn

30-60

Normal weight range for a newborn

2500-4000g (5.5-8.8 lbs)

Normal heart rate for a newborn

110-160

Typical length of a newborn

45-55 cm (18-22 in)

Normal blood pressure for a newborn

60-80/40-50

Normal head circumference of a newborn

32-36.8 cm (12.6-14.5 in)

Normal temperature range for a newborn

97.7-99.5 F (Avg 98.6)

Normal chest circumference of a newborn

30-33cm (12-13 in)

Normal composition of the umbilical cord

2 arteries and 1 vein

Acrocyanosis

Bluish tint to hands and feet

Priority #1 for newborn care

Airway

Priority #2 for newborn care

Warmth

Caput succedaneum

Swelling of soft tissues of the scalp

Cephalohematoma

Collection of blood between periosteum and skull bone

Epstein Pearls

Small white or yellow cysts found in gums

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

Pink rash that appears suddenly

Fontanelle

Soft spot on newborn's head where skull bones haven't fused

Lanugo

Fine, downy hair on a newborn

Milia

Small, raised, pearly or white spots on nose, chin, and forehead

Molding

Normal head compression during labor

Congenital dermal melanocytosis

Benign birthmark, flat, blue-gray patch of skin

Mottling

Temporary skin discoloration

Telangiectatic nevi (stork bites)

Flat, pink, red marks that blanch, found on neck, nose, eye, forehead

Vernix caseosa

Protective, thick, cheesy covering on a newborn

CHOP - C

Cord compression

CHOP - E

Head compression

CHOP - A

Ok (normal)

CHOP - P

Placental Insufficiency

Ortolani's maneuver

Physical exam to assess hip dysplasia

Erythromycin (eye ointment)

Prevents neonatal conjunctivitis

Vitamin K (Phytonadione)

Essential for blood coagulation, prevents Vitamin K deficiency bleeding

Hepatitis B vaccine

Helps immune system produce antibodies against Hep B

Ampicillin

Broad spectrum penicillin, helps treat bacterial infections

Gentamicin

Active against gram negative infections

24% Sucrose (Sweet-ease)

Oral sucrose, helps provide pain relief for procedures

AGA

Appropriate for gestational age

LGA

Large for gestational age

SGA

Small for gestational age

Surfactant (Curosurf)

Helps to treat newborn complications and prevention of respiratory distress syndrome

Respiratory distress

Grunting, nasal flaring, chest retractions

Infection in newborn

Lethargy, poor feeding, hypothermia

Jaundice

Yellow tinge to skin and eyes

Babinski Reflex

Bottom of foot stroked upwards, big toe bends back and toes spread out

Rooting Reflex

Infant's mouth is stroked, head turns towards and mouth opens

Moro Reflex (Startle)

Loud noise or unexpected movement, extends arms up then back

Tonic Neck Reflex (Fencing)

Turn newborn's head to one side, the arm and leg on that side extend, other side flexes

Palmar (Grasp) Reflex

Place fingers in newborn's hand, fingers should curl around examiner's finger

Sucking Reflex

Touch roof of mouth with something

Abstinence

Refrain from sex, the most effective, no chemicals involved

Withdrawal method

Withdrawal of penis from vagina prior to ejaculation, one of least effective

Calendar method

Tracking fertile days, not reliable

Condom

Can break, protects against STI's

Spermicide

Gel, film, cream, suppository

IUC/IUD

T-shaped, releases hormones

Implant (Nexplanon)

Stays in arm, prevents ovulation

Depo shot

Every 3 months

Hormonal Contraception

Pills, patches, ring

Emergency Contraception

"Plan B"

Infertility

Inability of a couple to produce a living child

Infertility

Inability of a couple to produce a living child

Ovarian dysfunction

Labsence of menses or oligo ovulation (irregular ovulation)

PP Depression

Symptoms :Sleep disturbances , depersonalization, confusion, hallucinations/delusion , Psychomotor disturbances , lack of self care , less involved we newborn

Men's Infertility Factors

Sperm-too few, slow, too many malformed

Endocrine disorder - infertility

Excessive prolactin

Varicolese

Enlargement of veins in bag of Skin that holds testes (scrotum)

Gravida

Any pregnancy

Para

Birth after 20 weeks (alive or dead)

Term

Early, full, or late term

Abortion

Miscarriage, before 20 weeks, spontaneous or therapeutic

Living

How many children are alive

Naegele's Rule

First day of LMP - 3 months + 7 days = EDB

Non-stress test (NST)

Monitor Fetal HR in response to fetal movement

Contraction Stress Test (CST)

Observes FHR response to contractions

Biophysical Profile

Combines UST & ultrasound to assess fetal wellbeing

Amniocentesis

Needle aspiration of amniotic fluid for testing, detects abnormalities

Glucose Tests

1hr-50g (24-28 wks)

Group B Strep Test

Vag/rectal swab for bacteria 35-37wks

RH antibody (Coombs test)

Blood test to check RH neg mom, Rhogam to prevent the mother from forming antibodies

Rubella Vaccine

Admin postpartum

TDAP Vaccine

Preg women should get t dap during every preg, 3rd trimester

Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy

Absent period, breast enlargement, N/V, quickening (movement of fetus)

Goodell's Sign

Soft cervix

Chadwick's Sign

Bluish color of vulva, vagina, or cervix

Hegar's Sign

Soft lower uterine segment

Ballottement

Uterus is pushed, fetus goes thenh to og pos

Positive Signs of Pregnancy

Fetal heart tones, fetal movement, visualization (ultrasound)

Shoulder Dystocia

Head is delivered,but the shoulders, remain wedged behind mom pubic bone

Shoulder Dystocia - Risk Factors

Macrosomic, gestational diabetes, obesity, LGA Baby

Shoulder Dystocia - Baby Complication

Fracture, neuro damage

Shoulder Dystocia - Mom Complication

Heavy bleeding, tearing, bruising of bladder

Preterm Labor

Uterine contractions between 20 + 36wks &days gestation

Preterm Labor - Risk Factors

Infections, Previous preterm birth

Nursing Care - activity restriction

uterine activity, fetal movement

Terbutaline Medication

Relaxes smooth muscles dinhibits Uterine activity

Betamethasone Medication

Glucocorticoid (im) 2 Injections 24 hrs appart to enhance fetal long maturity+ surfactant production for baby between 24-34 wks gestation

Nursing Interventions - Cardiovascular

Notify If HR greater than 130

First Stage of Labor

no evident fetal decent, excited , talking , Smiling , mild contractions

Second Stage of Labor

begins we complete dialation , 10cm , ends wh birth of baby

Third Stage of Labor

delivery of placenta

PPROM

Premature Preterm rupture of membranes, before 37 weeks gestation