Personality Psychology Lecture

These flashcards cover key concepts related to personality psychology, including definitions, theories, and assessment methods.

Personality

The sum total of stable and enduring patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Assessment

The process of measuring personality through various methods, such as tests or observations.

Theories of Personality

Frameworks that organize and explain the different aspects and dimensions of personality.

Stable Personality

The concept that certain traits and characteristics of an individual remain relatively constant over time.

S-Data (Self-Report Data)

Information provided by individuals about themselves, often through surveys or questionnaires.

O-Data (Observer-Report Data)

Information provided by others about an individual, useful for assessing personality traits that may not be easily reported by the individual themselves.

T-Data (Test Data)

Information gathered from standardized tests designed to elicit specific behaviors or responses.

L-Data (Life-Outcome Data)

Information derived from events and outcomes in a person's life that are available for public scrutiny.

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A projective test where individuals create stories based on ambiguous images, revealing their underlying motives and desires.

Psychosexual Stages

Freud's theory of personality development, which includes stages focused on different erogenous zones and associated challenges.

Defense Mechanisms

Unconscious strategies used by the ego to manage anxiety and conflict between the id and superego.

Big Five Personality Traits

A widely accepted model outlining five core personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Ego

The rational part of the personality that mediates between the desires of the id and the constraints of the superego.

Id

The instinctual part of the personality that contains our basic desires and drives.

Superego

The ethical component of the personality that internalizes societal norms and morals.

Observational Learning

Learning that occurs by watching others, as proposed by Albert Bandura.

Coping Methods

Strategies individuals use to manage psychological conflicts and anxieties.