Exam 5 Chapters 15-16

Biomedical Terminology

articular cartilage

smooth white tissue that covers the ends of bones at joints

articulation

any type of joint

suture joint

immovable joint, such as between the bones of the skull

synovial joint

viscous (sticky) fluid within the synovial cavity. Synovial fluid is similar in viscosity to egg white

tendon

Fibrous connective tissue binding muscles to bones

ligament

fibrous, connective band binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stabilizes the joint

osteoarthritis

progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of osteophytes, or bone spurs) at articular surfaces

rheumatoid arthritis

chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane

sprain

injury, often the result of trauma, involving over stretching of the ligaments around a joint 

striated

muscle connected to bones; voluntary or skeletal muscle

arthrocentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space

arthroplasty

taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into a joint

arthroscopy

visual examination of a joint with arthroscope, which projects an image on a video monitor

bone density test

Low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass

breastbone

sternum

thigh bone

femur

finger bone

phalanges

hand bone

metacarpals

collar bone

clavicle

wrist bone

carpals

back bone

vertebral column

three parts of the pelvis

ilium ischium pubis

adipocyte

fat cell

albinism

condition of the skin, deficient in pigment (melanin)

basal layer

deepest region of the epidermis; it gives rise to all epidermal cells

dermis

middle layer of skin

epithelium

layer of skin cells forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body

integumentary system

the skin and its accessory structures, such as hair and nails

keratin

hard protein material found in the skin and connective tissue

collagen

structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue

epidermis

outmost layer of the skin

eccrine sweat gland

most numerous sweat producing exocrine gland in the skin

apocrine sweat gland

one of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas. It opens into the hair follicle and secretes sweat that, with bacteria, is responsible for human body odor

subcutaneous

innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue

stratified

arranged in layers

pore

tiny opening on the surface of the skin

sebum

oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands

hair follicle

sac within which each hair grows

melanin

skin pigment. it is formed by melanocytes in the epidermis.

Paronychium

soft tissue surrounding the nail border

jaund/o

yellow

albin/o

white

chlor/o

green

leuk/o

white

melan/o

black

erythr/o

red

poli/o

gray

eosin/o

rosy

lute

yellow