Gas Exchange & Oxygenation

Signs of Respiratory Distress

clubbing, thick fingernails, tripod position, rapid weight gain, barrel chest, JVD

Treating Respiratory Distress

sit them up, tell them to cough, put on O2, contact provider

Nasal Cannula

1-6L

Simple Face Mask

6-10L, not for clients with CO2 retention

Partial & Non-Rebreather Mask

10-15L, short term use only, bag must be inflated and collapsed by one third

Venturi Mask

specific amount, reduces rebreathing of exhaled air, independently of client breathing

Titrate Orders

turn the oxygen up to maintain that level

Chest physiotherapy

vest will shake the patient to remove secretions, cystic fibrosis, COPD, pneumonia

Nebulizer Treatment

breathe at a regular rate, once medication aerosolizes- start

Pursued Lip Breathing

breathe in 2, out 4

Huff Coughing

inhale, hold for 3, forcefully exhale

Cardiac Output

heart rate X stroke volume

Stroke Volume

blood ejected from the left ventricle per cycle

Oxygen Humidification

required above 3L, prevents skin break down in the nose

Crackles

fluid in the lungs, pneumonia

Wheezing

whistling, heard on exhalation, constricted airway, asthma or COPD

Rhonchi

rattling, obstructed airway, asthma or COPD

Stridor

choking