Chapter 19 Key Points

What is the PICO approach used for in evidence-based practice?

To ask a focused clinical question.

What are the four main evidence-based practice clinical categories for evaluating research?

Therapy, diagnosis, prognosis, and harm.

What areas do EBP clinical categories focus on?

Development of the clinical question, literature search, and critical appraisal of research.

Why are information literacy skills important in research?

They help conduct an efficient and effective literature search to locate evidence.

What must be done with sources of evidence like articles or protocols?

They must be screened for relevance and credibility.

What is the purpose of appraising evidence using a critical appraisal tool?

To determine the strength, quality, and consistency of the evidence.

What is the goal of studies in the therapy category?

To determine if a difference exists between two or more treatments.

What is the purpose of diagnosis category studies?

To evaluate the ability of tools or tests to detect whether a patient has a particular disease.

What are likelihood ratios (LRs) used for in diagnosis studies?

To assess the effectiveness of a diagnostic tool or test.

What do prognosis category studies aim to determine?

The outcomes of a particular disease or condition over time.

What is the focus of harm category studies?

To determine if an individual has been harmed by exposure to a particular event.

What is meta-analysis?

A research method that statistically combines results of multiple studies to answer a focused clinical question.

What type of studies are usually included in a meta-analysis?

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs).